OFA3: Supplementary winter bird food (organic land)
What you must do to get paid for this action and advice on how to do it.
This is an action in the Sustainable Farming Incentive (SFI) scheme: expanded offer for 2024. You must read the SFI scheme information to understand the scheme rules and how to apply.
Duration
3 years
How much you’ll be paid
£935 per tonne per year – maximum of 1 tonne of supplementary winter bird food (action AHW2) for every 2 hectares (ha) of winter bird food (action CAHL2 in the expanded SFI offer or AHL2 in the SFI 2023 offer)
Action’s aim
This action’s aim is that from late winter until mid-spring there’s a mix of seeds spread on the ground at multiple feeding areas.
The purpose of this is to provide seed-eating farmland birds with supplementary food when:
- seed is in short supply in the late winter period (known as the hungry gap)
- their breeding season starts in early spring
Where you can do this action
You can only apply for this action if:
- action CAHL2 (winter bird food) or AHL2 in the SFI23 offer is included in your agreement
- the land you’ve entered into CAHL2 is registered as ‘fully organic’ or ‘in conversion’ by a Defra-licensed organic control body
If the land you’ve entered into CAHL2 or AHL2 is not ‘fully organic’ or ‘in conversion’ you must apply for AHW2 (supplementary winter bird food) instead.
This action is not available for equivalent actions in a Countryside Stewardship agreement. This includes:
- OP2 (wild bird seed mixture)
- AB9 (winter bird food)
You must do this action on land that’s:
- firm and free draining, such as farm tracks or hard standing areas
- close to areas of existing winter bird food, enhanced overwinter stubbles or game cover
What to do
You must spread an organic winter supplementary feeding mix in a way that can reasonably be expected to achieve this action’s aim, including:
- dividing the total weight of mix as equally as possible between the multiple feeding areas
- spreading the mix at least once a week from late winter until mid-spring in the following year (usually from early December to late April)
You must use an organic winter supplementary feeding seed mix that contains both:
- cereals (not maize) – these should make up no more than 70% of the total mix by weight
- small non-cereal seeds – these should make up at least 30% of the total mix by weight, with no individual species being more than 50% of the non-cereal element by weight
The small non-cereal seeds element must contain at least 3 of the following species:
- canary seed
- linseed
- oilseed rape
- red millet
- sunflowers
- white millet
If organic seed is unavailable, you must apply to your organic control body for a derogation to use non-organic seed.
You must not:
- use feed hoppers to supply more than around 10% of the seed mix during each feeding period (from late winter to mid-spring)
- use tailings (small seeds and chaff removed from the harvested crops) in the seed mix
You must keep a written ‘feeding diary’ which includes:
- details of the mix used, including the weight of the cereals and small non-cereal seeds elements and cost
- method of feeding – spreading or hopper
- feeding dates
- amount fed
- location of feeding areas
When to do it
You must do this action each year of its 3-year duration.
If this action’s start date means it’s too late for you to do this action, you must start doing it within 12 months of the action’s start date.
In the final year of this action’s duration, you must do this action until mid-spring, or this action’s end date, whichever is earlier.
How to do it
It’s up to you how you do this action, as long as you:
- follow this action’s requirements – these are identified by a ‘must’
- do the action in a way that could reasonably be expected to achieve this action’s aim
You may find it helpful to read the ‘advice to help you do this action’, but it’s not part of this action’s requirements.
Evidence to keep
You must keep:
- a valid organic certificate and schedule for all land entered into this action – this must cover at least the full period of this action’s duration
- the required written feeding diary – this can be recorded on paper or electronically
If organic seed is unavailable, and you apply to your organic control body for a derogation, you must keep evidence of this.
You must supply this evidence if we ask for it.
Other actions or options you can do on the same area as this action
You can do the following actions or options on the same area in a land parcel as this action.
Some actions or options can only be done on the same area if they’re done at a different time of year to this action. For example, winter cover followed by a summer companion crop. Read ‘What to do’ and ‘When to do it’ to find out when this action must be done.
| Scheme | Action or option codes |
|---|---|
| SFI 2024 actions | Same as base action |
| SFI 2023 actions | Same as base action |
| CS options | Same as base action |
| ES options | Same as base action |
| SFI pilot standards | Same as base action |
If an action or option cannot be located on the same area, you may be able to do it on a different area in the same land parcel. Read section 6 ‘Eligible land in other funding schemes’ in the SFI scheme information for more details.
You can do the following actions or options on the eligible boundaries of a land parcel entered into this action:
- SFI 2024 actions: CHRW1, CHRW2, CHRW3, BND1, BND2 and WBD2
- SFI 2023 actions: HRW1, HRW2, HRW3
- CS option BE3 (management of hedgerows)
- the introductory level of the SFI pilot hedgerows standard
Advice to help you do this action
The following advice may help you to do this action, but it’s not part of this action’s requirements.
Choosing a supplementary feeding seed mix
This action explains the minimum requirement for the winter supplementary feeding seed mix (under ‘What to do’).
An example seed mix could include:
- 50% wheat
- 20% naked oats
- 15% white millet
- 10% oilseed rape
- 5% sunflower hearts
Choosing the right location for feeding areas
When planning which feeding areas to use, check you can reach them regularly. This is important if bad weather will cause you problems travelling to them during the winter.
When to start spreading the feeding mix
It’s advisable to start spreading the winter supplementary feeding mix before the sown winter bird food runs out. This keeps farmland birds using the areas and prevents a dip in their winter condition.
How often to feed
This action requires you to feed at least once a week.
You can:
- feed smaller amounts of seed more often, to match the birds’ consumption
- stagger feeding over a number of days at different feeding areas
This can help to reduce:
- seed spoilage, so there’s a fresh supply of food to keep birds healthy
- the amount of feeding mix eaten by non-target species such as rodents, crows and pigeons – this is important when ground feeding or if hoppers are unprotected
Try to disperse the seed mix across the feeding area, instead of leaving it in piles.
How much to feed
This action requires you to divide the total weight of mix as equally as possible between the multiple feeding areas.
For example, to supply up to around 500 kilograms (kg) of seed at each feeding area you can spread the mix:
- so there’s an average of around 25kg at each feeding area during the feeding period – you can vary the amount of seed to match demand, so seed is not left uneaten
- once a week for 20 weeks – you may need to feed for longer if the winter period is extended due to bad weather, so birds are not left with a ‘hungry gap’ before natural seed resources become available
Keeping feeding sites clean
It’s important to keep feeding areas clean for the health of the birds.
To minimise the risk of disease and parasites spreading between birds using the feeding areas, you can:
- not spread the seed mix too thickly or leave it in piles – this can encourage the build-up of harmful parasites and attract non-target species such as rats
- limit the use of feed hoppers
- spin or scatter the seed mix to avoid creating feed piles or long trails
- stop feeding if there is a visible build-up of uneaten food – you can start again when the seed mix has been eaten
- move the location of feeding areas regularly
Updates to this page
Published 21 May 2024Last updated 5 August 2024 + show all updates
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How much you’ll be paid - added AHL2 in the SFI 2023 offer. Action’s aim - deleted ‘firm and free draining, such as farm tracks or hard standing areas’ and ‘close to areas of winter bird food, enhanced overwinter stubbles or game cover’. Added ‘in early spring’ to the breeding season. Where you can do this action - added AHL2 in the SFI 2023 offer. This action is not available for Countryside Stewardship options OP2 or AB9. You must do this action on land that’s firm and free draining and close to areas of existing winter bird food, enhanced overwinter stubbles or game cover. What to do - you must use an organic winter supplementary feeding seed mix. Published voluntary advice to help you do this action, but it's not part of this action’s requirements.
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Action OFA3: Supplementary winter bird food (organic land) has been amended from £732 per tonne to £935 per tonne.
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First published.