14a. ETO - Marine Navigation Systems
Updated 11 August 2023
ETO - STCW III/6 CoC | |||
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Competency/ Module: Marine Navigation Systems | |||
Knowledge, understanding and proficiency | Recommendation of working group regarding the outcome and objective. | Rationale | Action required |
Outcome1: Analyse marine radar and automatic radar plotting systems | Keep | Relevant | None |
1.1 Calculate and explain the factors affecting minimum range, range discrimination, bearing discrimination, scanner speed | Contextualise | It is important to make sure Cadets clearly understand how the outcome relates to work at sea and it is essential to make sure that this context is given with reference to current and future seagoing technologies and practices. | Move focus from calculations to understanding of principles and terminology as more relevant to operations on board. |
1.2 Calculate and explain the correlation between scanner speed, Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF), Horizontal Bandwidth (HBW). | Contextualise | It is important to make sure Cadets clearly understand how the outcome relates to work at sea and it is essential to make sure that this context is given with reference to current and future seagoing technologies and practices. | Move focus from calculations to understanding of principles and terminology as more relevant to operations on board. |
1.3 Modes of presentation | Keep | Relevant | None |
1.4 Radar/ARPA systems | Keep | Relevant | None |
1.5 Target acquisition and tracking | Keep | Relevant | None |
1.6 System Interfacing requirements | Keep | Relevant | None |
Outcome 2: Analyse terrestrial and satellite position fixing and transponder systems | Keep | Relevant | None |
2.1 Principles of a Global Position System (GPS) | Keep | Relevant | None |
2.2 Operation of GPS | Keep | Relevant | None |
2.3 Operation of GPS receivers | Keep | Relevant | None |
2.4 Principles of operation of the eLoran system | Remove | This has been removed from NAEST so no longer relevant. | Remove this outcome |
2.5 Operation of the eLoran system | Remove | This has been removed from NAEST so no longer relevant. | Remove this outcome |
2.6 Principles of operation of Automatic Identification Systems (AIS) | Keep | Relevant | None |
2.7 AIS data transmission | Keep | Relevant | None |
2.8 Interfacing of AIS and GPS | Keep | Relevant | None |
Outcome 3: Explain ship speed and distance measuring systems and echo sounding systems | Keep | Relevant | None |
3.1 Factors affecting the speed of sound in seawater | Keep | Relevant | None |
3.2 Losses affecting sound propagation through sea water | Keep | Relevant | None |
3.3 Absolute and relative speed | Keep | Relevant | None |
3.4 Construction and use of electrostrictive transducers for speed and distance measurement | Keep | Relevant | None |
3.5 Doppler shift measurement compensation for trim and pitch | Keep | Relevant | None |
3.6 Compensation methods for change in salinity and temperature of sea water | Keep | Relevant | None |
3.7 Ship speed measurement system, electromagnetic log | Keep | Relevant | None |
3.8 Marine echo sounding system | Keep | Relevant | None |
3.9 The principles of echo sounding | Keep | Relevant | None |
Outcome 4: Assess automatic steering systems | Keep | Relevant | None |
4.1 Regulations governing automatic steering systems | Keep | Relevant | None |
4.2 Non follow up (NFU) and follow up (FU) control of electro-hydraulic steering gear | Keep | Relevant | None |
4.3 The components of a marine autopilot system | Keep | Relevant | None |
4.4 Application of three term control and the effect of control settings on autopilot | Keep | Relevant | None |
4.5 Integration of autopilot with other navigation systems | Keep | Relevant | None |
Outcome 5: Explain marine compass and repeater systems | Keep | Relevant | None |
5.1 Principles of operation of a magnetic compass | Keep | Relevant | None |
5.2 Construction and location of a marine magnetic compass | Keep | Relevant | None |
5.3 Principle of a free gyroscope | Keep | Relevant | None |
5.4 Construction of a marine gyro compass | Keep | Relevant | None |
5.5 Operation of a marine gyro compass | Keep | Relevant | None |
5.6 Compass repeater systems | Keep | Relevant | None |
5.7 Principles of other compasses used in the maritime industry (e.g. Fibreoptic) | Add | Other compasses are used at sea and should be covered in this outcome. However, as they are less common, it will not be required to cover them in as much detail as magnetic and gyrocompasses. | Add the outcome, “Principles of other compasses used in the maritime industry (e.g. Fibreoptic)” |
Proposal submitted by: | Any other outcomes for this competency, above and beyond STCW which would be needed due to use of modern technology and impact of future fuels onboard: | ||
Objective | Reason Why | Action required | |
Cadet Training & Modernisation Working Group | Basic overview of Dynamic Positioning systems | Dynamic Positioning systems are now more common at sea and should be covered in this module. | Add an outcome including: - Examples of different types - Principles of DP systems. - Understanding of standard signals working within a DP system |
Cadet Training & Modernisation Working Group | Awareness of future navigational automation technologies | Navigational automation technology is becoming more common at sea and should be covered in this module. | Add an outcome including: - Overview of upcoming technologies and potential impact on ETOs. - Automation |
Cadet Training & Modernisation Working Group | Working with Integrated Bridge Systems. | Integrated Bridge systems are now more common at sea and should be covered in this module. | Add an outcome including: - Fault finding challenges interacting with Integrated Bridge Systems - Working with shoreside technicians. - Understanding of the elements of an Integrated Bridge System |
Cadet Training & Modernisation Working Group | Include Human Element Factors throughout the syllabus | To provide seafarers with a contextualised understanding of the Human Element in the maritime industry, showing how they can put theory into practice in the work they carry out at sea. | Raise awareness throughout the Cadet’s training of the areas in which human element factors will have an impact. Recommendations on where this can be included have been noted throughout the entire syllabus. Not every template has Human Element Factor recommendations but please do add any you feel may have been missed. |
Cadet Training & Modernisation Working Group | Include Data Science skills throughout the syllabus | Data Science Skills (Comprehension, Analysis, Presentation, etc…) are already required within much of the syllabus. A further, specific focus on these skills needs to be taught where relevant. | A specific topic will need to be introduced to improve Cadets’ Data Science skills. Practical application of data science skills should be highlighted throughout the syllabus. Not every template has Data Science recommendations but please do add any you feel may have been missed. |
Cadet Training & Modernisation Working Group | Ensure all outcomes are contextualised to help Cadets understand what they are learning in relation to what they will experience at sea. | While some outcomes are intrinsically linked to work carried out at sea, some need to be contextualised to show how they apply to work on board. Where this is the case, it is important to make sure Cadets clearly understand how the outcome relates to work at sea and it is essential to make sure that this context is given with reference to current and future seagoing technologies and practices. | Where outcomes do not specifically cover a topic which relates to work carried out at sea, more must be done to contextualise the outcome and make it relevant to the maritime industry, giving specific shipping examples of how the outcome may be applied in a modern shipping context. Not every template has contextualisation recommendations but please do add any you feel may have been missed. |