Guidance

Recognition application: guidance for the Criteria

Updated 24 February 2025

Applies to England

Unless otherwise stated, words in Title Case are defined in the ‘Criteria for Recognition’

Criterion A: Identity, constitution and governance

Identity and constitution - A.1, A.2 and A.3

In order for us to assess whether you meet Criteria A.1, A.2 and A.3 you will need to provide detail and structure of your organisation. You should clearly identify the legal entity seeking recognition, explain how the organisation operates or will operate and demonstrate the arrangements in place. We need to know who owns and has a financial interest in your business. If the business is owned by other entities, a diagram detailing the group structure should be provided as part of the business plan.

When applying for recognition you will need to demonstrate that your organisation is ordinarily resident or has a substantial presence in the UK, Gibraltar, the European Union (EU) or European Free Trade Association (EFTA). You need to explain how your organisation is structured and organised in a way which would allow it to comply with its Conditions of Recognition, particularly if you have most, if not all, of your staff working from separate work and/or residential locations. For example, we would be looking to understand at a high level:

• where your workforce is based – for example, are they all remote, a mix of office-based and home-working, all based in the same country?
• how your workforce will operate to develop, deliver and award qualifications
• how you will know the workforce are effective
• how you will induct, train and supervise new staff
• where your IT servers are based and who maintains them – for example, are they inhouse or third-party suppliers?
• how you will maintain security of information at individual locations, in the cloud, on servers and in emails (such as learner data, live and draft assessments and certificates where relevant)
• how we will access materials for audit purposes or for an investigation, as required by the Conditions of Recognition - for example, what IT will you have in place to allow us remote access, or if we needed access to hard copy materials how you will enable us to do this?
• where we will serve legal notices to you

You must ensure you provide the following as a minimum in response to A.2 and A.3:

1. 1. Evidence establishing that you operate within the UK, Gibraltar, a member state of the EU or EFTA.
2. 2. A main contact address and contact telephone number registered in the UK, Gibraltar, EU or EFTA.
3. 3. The current legal status of your organisation – for example, registered charity, limited company, society established by Royal Charter.
4. 4. A copy of your constitutional or governance documents – for example, articles of association, charter, partnership agreement, or any equivalent constitutional document, unless you are applying as an individual.
5. 5. Evidence of relevant registration held by you with appropriate authorities within the UK, Gibraltar, EU or EFTA. You should provide all relevant and appropriate registration numbers, for example Companies House or the Charities Commission (or EU or EFTA equivalent).

We will complete a due diligence check through an external business information supplier to verify information you have submitted as part of your application to investigate ownership and legal status.

Where any of the companies within the group structure are registered outside the UK, you should also provide the registration number of the company and the name of the country in which they are registered.

Governance – A.4, A.5 and A.6

Your response and supporting information for Criteria A.4, A.5 and A.6 should show how your organisation is or will be organised and governed. Where appropriate, you should also show how the awarding organisation will fit within any holding company and how it relates to any parent companies and sister companies.

A.4 Organisation and governance

You should provide information and supporting evidence on how your current or proposed organisational structure will support, or will be able to support, the development, delivery and award of qualifications and/or end-point assessments. You may wish to provide information and documentation to assist us to consider the following questions in deciding whether you meet this criterion:

1. 1. Is there a clear structure explaining how the organisation will function in relation to the development, delivery and awarding of qualifications and/or end-point assessments?
2. 2. Is it clear who is accountable for the quality of the development, delivery and awarding of qualifications and/or end-point assessments?
3. 3. Are reporting lines and structures clear?
4. 4. Is the responsible officer role sufficiently senior to serve as the authoritative point of contact for Ofqual in relation to all activities that would be undertaken by the awarding organisation?
5. 5. Are the roles within the awarding organisation well defined? For example, job descriptions and role profiles.
6. 6. Do the right roles exist to allow the awarding organisation to develop, deliver and award qualifications and/or end-point assessments?

A.5 Conflicts of Interest

Your response and supporting information should show how you do or will be able identify, manage and monitor conflicts of interest which may arise at individual and organisational level.

We understand that Conflicts of Interest may occur, but we need to understand how you will monitor and manage these conflicts. That means we will expect to see policies, procedures and other documentation that you consider demonstrates that you understand conflicts of interest, and explains how you will monitor and manage these on an ongoing basis, including any conflicts of interest you have already identified. Our supporting information on conflicts of interest provides further guidance on this topic.

The following are examples of activities that may give rise to a conflict of interest, which need to be identified and managed by an awarding organisation. This list is not exhaustive:

• training organisations that are also awarding organisations
• awarding organisations that are subsidiaries of training providers
• individuals making decisions on finances who are also responsible for the standard of qualifications and apprenticeships, and could therefore influence that standard for financial gain
• authors of examinations or assessments who are also teachers
• authors of examinations or assessments who also write text books
• publishers of, for example, qualification text books acting as awarding organisations
• national governing bodies for sports acting as awarding organisations
• professional bodies acting as awarding organisations

You may wish to provide information and documentation to assist us to consider the following questions in deciding whether you meet this criterion:

1. 1. Have you considered all elements of the business to identify those areas which may give rise to a conflict of interest?
2. 2. What potential conflicts of interest are there in the governance model?
3. 3. Does a policy exist that explains how you will identify and manage conflicts of interest?
4. 4. How will individuals associated with your organisation or who work for your organisation but have links to and/or have interests in other organisations declare conflicts of interest?
   1. a. Does the policy cover conflicts of interest at all levels of your organisation?
   2. b. Is the policy clear what actions will be taken where a conflict of interest is declared or otherwise identified, and will those actions be sufficient to protect learners?
5. 5. What processes will you have in place to review conflicts of interest and how will they operate?

A.6 Governing body oversight

This only applies to organisations. Sole traders (individuals who are not required to be registered at Companies House) are not required to provide a response.

You may wish to consider the following:

Have you correctly identified and defined the Governing Body of the legal entity for which you are applying for recognition?

Our Criteria for Recognition and Conditions of Recognition define a Governing Body as follows:

Where the awarding organisation is a limited company, the board of directors of the awarding organisation. Where the awarding organisation is not a limited company, a person or group of people having the equivalent status within the organisational structure of the awarding organisation.

This means that for limited companies the Governing Body must be the board of directors of the organisation that is seeking recognition. The board of directors should comprise all validly appointed directors of the company (which should be listed on Companies House) and can only comprise directors (as opposed to other roles).

For organisations that are not limited companies, the Governing Body is a person or group of people that have the equivalent status within the organisational structure to the board of directors of a limited company. This may already be established in the organisation’s documentation. For example:

• Partnerships – the Governing Body will be the partners in accordance with any partnership agreement
• Limited Partnerships – the Governing Body will be as per the Limited Partnership agreement
• Limited Liability Partnerships – the Governing Body will be as per the LLP agreement
• Royal Charters – the Governing Body will be defined in the Royal Charter and may be for example the Board of Trustees or the Council
• Charitable entities – the Governing Body is likely to be defined in the trust deeds, constitution, or written rules of the management committee

Who will be the chair of the Governing Body?

Once an awarding organisation is recognised by Ofqual, it is the chair of the Governing Body that will be responsible for signing the annual statement of compliance (under General Condition B2.2).

You may wish to identify in your application who the chair of the Governing Body will be.

Will the Governing Body have continuing oversight of, and be directly accountable for:

(a) the performance of the organisation’s activities as a recognised awarding organisation, and
(b) the organisation’s compliance with its Conditions of Recognition?

It is possible (and not uncommon) for the Governing Body to delegate certain responsibilities to a sub-committee and/or specific individuals, such as a management board, awarding committee or a board of governors and/or for the Governing Body to meet with other individuals who act in an advisory capacity to the Governing Body. This can be considered an extension to the Governing Body.

However, under Criteria for Recognition A6, Ofqual must be satisfied that the awarding organisation has in place appropriate arrangements to ensure that its Governing Body will have continuing oversight of, and be directly accountable for (a) the performance of the organisation’s activities as a recognised awarding organisation, and (b) the organisation’s compliance with its Conditions of Recognition.

That means that any delegation made by the Governing Body must be reasonable in scope and the Governing Body must be satisfied that the relevant person or committee is capable of carrying out the delegated matters and the Governing Body must oversee the matters as appropriate.

For limited companies we would expect the terms of any delegation to have been authorised by a resolution of the board of directors and for such authorisation to be documented either in a set of relevant board minutes or in a written resolution of the directors authorising the same. The terms of any delegation should be consistent with what is permitted under the company’s articles of association and should be reflected accordingly in the Terms of Reference for any committees that the board has delegated authority to.

For organisations that are not limited companies we would expect the terms of any delegation to have been authorised and documented in a similar way to that set out for limited companies, in a manner that is consistent with, and permitted under, any written rules of the organisation (such as a partnership agreement, trust deeds, constitution or Royal Charter).

You may wish to provide with your application any documents that you have to evidence and explain any delegations that have been made by the Governing Body, including any structure charts which may help to illustrate your delegation, accountability and reporting lines. It is important to show how the Governing Body ensures that any delegations are operating effectively. For example, how do any sub-committees feedback information to the Governing Body.

Is the organisation you are seeking recognition for a wholly owned subsidiary?

If your organisation is a wholly owned subsidiary, you will need to show that your Governing Body has visible and authorised independence from the parent company. The awarding organisation must be able to make its own decisions on issues that affect its ability to comply with the Conditions, and not be overruled by the parent organisation. Where the parent company has interests that might affect the subsidiary’s - the awarding organisation’s - ability to comply with the Conditions, this should be identified as a Conflict of Interest and appropriate steps taken to manage that conflict.

You may also wish to provide information and documentation to assist us to consider the following questions in deciding whether you meet this criterion:

(a) does the Governing Body have defined roles and responsibilities and have any delegations been properly authorised and documented?
(b) do your Terms of Reference for any delegated sub-committees show the upward route for reporting information and decisions to the Governing Body as well as showing how the sub-committees are governed?
(c) is it clear how the Governing Body oversees performance across the organisation?
(d) is it clear how the Governing Body integrates with governance at all levels within the organisation?
(e) do policies and processes exist which enable the Governing Body to identify and manage risk?
(f) does the Governing Body understand its function in ensuring the organisation’s capability to comply with the Conditions?
(g) is it clear what authority the Governing Body has to act and take responsibility for the operation and performance of the organisation?

Supporting information

As part of your application, you may wish to make reference to, and include as supporting evidence, some of the following information in your response to show how you meet the requirements of Criteria A.1 to A.6. You may provide some of the evidence when addressing other Criteria. This is fine, you do not need to repeat it. Tell us where we can find the information. A well-referenced application makes this much easier for us to review. This list is not exhaustive:

• the articles of association (for limited companies) or any written rules (for organisations that are not limited companies)
• organisation structure charts
• lists and profiles of key staff
• job or role descriptions
• terms of reference for the Governing Body and relevant committees including written records of any delegations that have been made
• policy and processes for risk management
• committee structures
• information about other activities you may undertake as part of your business activities

Criterion B: Integrity

Criterion B is concerned with the suitability of the organisation or persons relevant to the application. Criterion B.1 relates to the declaration required to evidence suitability for the integrity of the entity applying for recognition and Criterion B.2 relates to the declaration required to evidence suitability for the integrity of senior officers.

B.1 Integrity of the Applicant

As part of the application, you should declare whether or not the entity applying for recognition has:

1. a) been the subject of any criminal convictions
2. b) been found by a court or any professional, regulatory or government body to have breached any provision of Competition Law, Equalities Law or Data Protection Law to which it has been subject
3. c) been found by a court or any professional, regulatory or government body to have breached any provision of any relevant legislation or relevant regulatory obligation to which it is subject
4. d) been the subject of any instance of insolvency or corporate financial restructuring to which it is or has been subject

If the entity has been the subject of an action described in points a to d above, then please provide details. This will not automatically lead to an application being refused. We will determine the weight we attach to the information, having regard to the nature and seriousness of the situation and the time which has elapsed since it occurred.

Should non-disclosure of an action be identified after an awarding organisation becomes recognised, we may request further information. As a result of this information, it may be the case that we investigate whether or not recognition has been granted erroneously as a result of failure to disclose the necessary information.

B.2 Integrity of Senior Officers

You should declare that you consider your Senior Officers to be suitable to be engaged in their roles having taken into account all relevant factors, including those listed in Criteria B.2(a) to (e).

1. a) been the subject of any criminal convictions
2. b) been found by a court or any professional, regulatory or government body to have breached any provision of any relevant legislation or regulatory obligation, to which they are subject
3. c) been the subject of any instance of bankruptcy or individual financial arrangements to which they are or have been subject
4. d) been disqualified from holding the directorship of a company or from public office
5. e) been subject to a finding of malpractice or maladministration, in relation to a qualification (whether regulated or unregulated)

Criterion B.2 (c) specifically refers to “any instance of bankruptcy or any financial arrangements to which they [the Senior Officer] are or have been subject”. We complete due diligence checks through publicly available insolvency registers to verify information that you have submitted as part of your application. We need the application to clearly identify each senior officer.

Criterion C: Resources and financing

For Criterion C.1, you should evidence the resources you will have in place to develop, deliver and award the qualifications and/or end-point assessments you wish to offer. It is possible that some of these things are not yet in place (for example, staff) as you may not yet be offering qualifications or end-point assessments. If this is the case, your application and supporting information must show how this will be achieved if we decide to recognise you.

Criterion C.1 is split into 2 requirements, so you may want to structure your response accordingly:

1. (a) systems, processes and resources
2. (b) financial resources and facilities

C.1(a) Systems, processes and resources

You may decide to provide some of the evidence for Criterion C.1(a) when addressing other Criteria, for example, Criterion D. This is fine, you do not need to repeat it. Tell us where we can find the information. A well-referenced application makes this much easier for us to review.

In relation to Criterion C.1(a) you should provide evidence that you have appropriate arrangements in place to ensure you have or will have the following:

• IT infrastructure and systems to support the development, delivery and award of qualifications and/or end-point assessments, also see Criterion A1, A2 and A3.
• any relevant third-party contracts, such as arrangements with IT providers, arrangements with Centres involved in the delivery of assessments, or employers involved in the delivery of assessments. For example, providing facilities, invigilators and/or assessors. We would expect to see evidence that explains how you will manage your relationship with Centres (including employers or training providers); for example, how you would expect Centres to invigilate assessments, and how you would take action should any issues, such as malpractice or maladministration, occur. This evidence should include an example of the enforceable agreement you would have with those Centres which allows you to investigate issues such as malpractice allegations.
• processes for the development, delivery and award of qualifications and/or end-point assessments
• policies to meet legal and regulatory requirements, for example reasonable adjustments, special considerations, appeals, complaints, maladministration or malpractice policies
• staff resourcing plans which will enable you to develop, deliver and award qualifications and assessments successfully
• organisational policies and procedures, for example recruitment of staff and members of the governing body

You may wish to provide information and documentation to assist us to consider the following questions in deciding whether you meet this criterion:

1. 1. Is it clear and have you provided evidence to show how you will develop, deliver and award qualifications and/or end-point assessments, through your organisation, processes, people, infrastructure and systems?
2. 2. Do you explain how IT will be managed and any products which you have or will purchase to support this?
3. 3. Have you explained how you will manage data securely to comply with legislation requirements?
4. 4. Have you explained the key components of the qualification lifecycle?
5. 5. Do you have systems and processes in place which will take the Learner from registration to award?
6. 6. Have you evidenced how you will manage and maintain Centres from a risk perspective?
7. 7. Have you explained how you will undertake Centre Assessment Standards Security (CASS) for the assessments marked by a Centre?
8. 8. Have you explained the process you will have in place to allow Centres and Learners to make enquiries and how you will deal with those enquiries?
9. 9. Have you explained how your Centre systems link up with your own systems?
10. 10. Have you explained your business continuity plan in relation to the development, delivery and award of qualifications and/or end-point assessments and how that is aimed at protecting Learners?
11. 11. Have you explained your people strategy, current and future staffing structure and needs?
12. 12. Have you explained what technical assessment expertise, skills, knowledge and experience you have in current staff who will deliver, develop and award qualifications and/or end-point assessments?
13. 13. Have you explained how and when new staff will be recruited, trained and managed?

C.1(b) Financial resources and facilities

In relation to Criterion C.1(b) you should provide evidence that you have appropriate arrangements in place to ensure you have or will have:

• adequate financial reserves which will support the organisation through the lifecycle of a qualification
• accounting and financial monitoring systems in place for the awarding organisation function, or for a new awarding organisation, detailed proposals for maintaining accounting records and monitoring financial performance; a business continuity plan focused on protecting Learners’ interests
• third party arrangements that are in place or will be in place for any support services

The following can be used as a guide to the type of financial and business information we would expect from you to support the Ofqual C1(b) financial assessment of your application.

The documents that we would expect to see are:

• full statutory accounts
• business plan and key assumptions
• profit and loss forecast for 3 years
• cashflow forecast for 3 years
• statement of funding
• sensitivity analysis for 3 years

All these documents are mutually supporting and will help us understand your growth plans and the projected financial performance of the business for the first 3 years following Ofqual recognition. Your application should explain how you intend to monitor financial performance and measure progress against the plan to verify that the business is performing as anticipated. We expect you to provide assurance that you will carry out regular reviews, and take corrective action where necessary, in order to adjust the business to its intended direction.

Full statutory accounts

Please submit your full statutory accounts (including a full balance sheet, Profit and Loss (P&L) and notes) for the past 3 years with your application.

While we prefer to see 3 years of trading history, if you are a new entity, it does not prevent you from making an application. Please explain when the entity was created and provide any accounts that are available.

Business plan and key assumptions

This document should provide an overview of your business venture and include the following sections:

• market research you have undertaken
• competitor analysis
• pricing strategy with comparisons against similar qualifications where appropriate
• anticipated take up of your qualification during the period of the plan, including your rationale and any supporting evidence

A list of key assumptions should also be provided to assist Ofqual in understanding the revenue and costs included in your plan. For example, a key assumption might be that the business will be operated from home for the first 3 years which will help to reduce accommodation costs. Another example might be that directors have chosen not to take a salary for 2 years to enable the business to become established.

As a general guide, assumptions should be listed for all revenue and cost lines in the profit and loss forecast, so that Ofqual can understand the basis of calculation.

You should include details of any financial contingency that you may have included within the plan.

Profit and loss forecast for 3 years

Usually presented as monthly with an annual total in spreadsheet format.

The profit and loss account should be for the whole business of the applicant (not just the proposed awarding organisation aspect of the business) and should be based on the key assumptions provided in the business plan. Key areas of focus should be:

• income drivers – please set out clearly the volume forecasted for each qualification or fee and the price
• income – this is the result calculated from all the income drivers
• costs – all costs relating to the applicant should be included, with the costs directly relating to the development, delivery and award of qualifications being clearly identified. It is advised to show the individual cost categories as a separate line item in the profit and loss. For categories that are dependent on other inputs (for example salaries are dependent on the number and type of staff) then it is recommended to show these drivers separately. This allows Ofqual to confirm all possible costs have been included.

Cashflow forecast for 3 years

Usually presented as monthly with an annual total in spreadsheet format.

The cashflow forecast is how you would expect the bank account to move over a period. The structure of the cashflow forecast is often similar to that of the profit and loss forecast but the content has some key differences, for example:

• opening balance - the cashflow starts with the amount of money the applicant currently has
• timing - cashflow is often not received at exactly the same time as the qualification takes place (for example, customers may pay 30 days after invoicing).
• funding cashflows - the money put into the business to fund development and operations, whether invested by the shareholders or borrowed in loans, would not appear in the P&L nor would any loan repayments or dividends to the shareholders but these categories are necessary in the cashflow

Statement of funding

The statement is a document that sets out how the business will be funded. This includes all types of funding source, for example cash, time, assets, and so on. We need to see the amounts included plus associated terms and conditions.

Where loans have been taken out, we need to see the amount of the loan and conditions that control the repayment. We also need details of interest expectations and security for the lender.

A funding statement or equivalent (for example, a loan agreement) must be signed by all parties providing funding.

Sensitivity analysis for 3 years

This shows the variability of the profit and loss and cashflow forecast under different circumstances. The aim of the sensitivity analysis is to show how the business may benefit from better than expected performance or conversely, how it may be impacted if forecasts do not play out as planned. All businesses are different and it is important as a prospective awarding organisation that you carefully consider what the possible best and worst-case scenarios might look like for your individual business. In doing so it is also important that you explain your rationale and the assumptions which underpin these scenarios.

We would expect you to provide a sensitivity analysis that covers 2 scenarios in addition to the base case (the expected plan) already provided in the sections above. These are:

Best case

What could happen if learner numbers increased, or prices increased beyond those anticipated in the plan. Costs may reduce due to a number of reasons, such as greater business efficiency resulting from a new IT system or through improved productivity. This list is not exhaustive. Please consider the key variables that will affect your plan and how sensitive your numbers are to changes in those key variables.

Worst case

The worst case could include impacts such as the effects of a global event, including a pandemic, a reduction in learner numbers, delays in launching qualifications, slower growth, change in legislation, increase in cost base, market forces bringing prices down and so on. As above, please consider the key variables that will affect your plan and how sensitive your numbers are to changes in those key variables.

Final note on finances

In some circumstances we may also ask for a balance sheet forecast. We do not expect to see this in your initial application, and will request one if required.

Facilities

In addition to the financial information, you should provide details of any facilities and premises that you have, with particular regard to how you will maintain security of digital and paper-based resources.

Supporting information

To demonstrate how you meet the requirements of Criterion C.1, you may wish to include some of the following in your response as evidence, or reference its location elsewhere in your application:

• an IT strategy and tools which support the development, delivery and award of qualifications and/or end-point assessments, and the security of Learner information
• a business continuity plan focused on protecting Learners’ interests
• third party arrangements that are in place or will be in place for any support services
• processes and policies for the key components of the development, delivery and award of qualifications and/or end-point assessments, from identifying the demand for a new qualification through to review and withdrawal
• a process for maintaining comparability of standards within and across qualifications and/or end-point assessments over time
• a written approach to evaluation and continuous improvement of processes and procedures
• a risk management strategy appropriate and proportionate to the awarding organisation function
• a security policy about protecting confidential materials and information
• management information reporting systems and processes
• Centre approval policies and processes
• arrangements to undertake Centre Assessment Standards Scutiny (CASS)
• arrangements for overseeing and managing Centres
• identified interactions between the awarding organisation and Centres, supported by training of Centre staff
• processes that allow Centres to apply for reasonable adjustments, special consideration and make appeals against results
• resources allocated to customer service for Centres and Learners
• policies for dealing with malpractice and maladministration
• an organisation structure chart
• a staffing vision for the different functions associated with developing, delivering and awarding qualifications and/or end-point assessments showing:
  • headcount
  • posts with indication of time spent in roles (for example FTE)
• indication of relevant skills and experience required of teams and individuals
• plans for recruitment for posts not yet filled
• training plans
• plans for recruiting (if applicable) and managing any outsourced operation

Criterion D: Competence

Under Criterion D.1, our consideration of the sufficiency of your understanding of, commitment to and approach to the development, delivery and award of qualifications and assessments takes place against 3 factors. These are the need to ensure that:

1. (a) the applicant will be able to undertake the development, delivery and award the qualifications and assessments it wishes to award in accordance with the Conditions
2. (b) any such qualification and assessment must, as far as possible, be valid, reliable, comparable, manageable and minimise bias
3. (c) any such qualification and assessment must be compatible with the requirements of Equalities Law

If you are applying for recognition in respect of descriptions of qualifications with regard to which we have published particular requirements, for example functional skills or end-point assessments, you should demonstrate your understanding of these requirements as part of your application.

We need you to provide us with evidence that will enable us to conclude that you are competent to develop, design, deliver and award qualifications and assessments. We are looking for evidence on how you will develop, design, deliver and award the qualifications and assessments that you want to be regulated for. Where this is for end-point assessments this would be about how you develop the assessment materials against the relevant assessment plans. We need to determine on the basis of that evidence, that you understand how and why these processes that you use are appropriate for the circumstances under which you will operate.

We do not prescribe or recommend a particular approach to providing the evidence against Criterion D. We find most successful applications do this by setting out their organisation’s processes across the whole qualification and assessment lifecycle from concept to review. They explain in detail how they design, develop, deliver and award their qualifications. We are also interested in what these processes might reveal about your competence in qualifications and assessments. We also find this effective as it allows you to explain how you might tackle associated issues such as malpractice, complaints, appeals, CASS and so on. You may therefore wish to provide us with additional information, such as a commentary on certain processes, to help us to gauge your understanding.

For example, in the development of a qualification and the assessments associated with it, how will you:

• develop the qualification
• decide what assessment methods you will use to demonstrate the knowledge, understanding and skills required by the qualification
• develop each assessment and decide on how these will be delivered
• develop the mark schemes – how will assessments be marked and how will you standardise markers or assessors
• ensure the qualifications and assessments are valid, reliable, comparable, manageable and minimise bias
• ensure that the assessments and the student performances meet the required standards consistently
• review qualifications and assessments to ensure they remain valid

In the development of an end-point assessment:

• what are the processes that you will follow to meet the expectations of the assessment plan
• how will you design rigorous, robust and bias-free end-point assessment tools and materials
• what are you going to do to implement that assessment plan
• how will you develop each assessment expected in the assessment plan
• how will you ensure that the assessments meet the required standards consistently

To use a specific example, if you are developing a multiple choice or written test some of the things you may choose to explain to us are:

• how you are going to develop each item or question in the assessment
• if you are maintaining an item or question bank, and if so how do you build it and maintain it
• how you will ensure each item or question is valid, reliable, minimises bias and is at the right level of difficulty or demand
• how you will bring the items together into a paper or test – what is your approach to sampling content, formats and how many questions you will need
• how you will know the paper is of the right level of difficulty or demand and is a valid assessment
• how you will establish pass or grade thresholds
• how you will develop the mark scheme for each item or question
• what data you will collect to review the performance of the items you have used, and the test overall
• how you will address any issues you may have identified with the items, test or approach
• who will be involved in question or item writing, how you will appoint them, what expertise they need to have and how you will ensure they don’t have any conflicts or personal interests
• who will be responsible for approving the questions and papers and checking that they are valid and reliable, what expertise you expect them to have to do this
• how you will deliver the test – for example:
  • how you will decide whether to offer it online, paper-based, or both
  • how you will develop or use an IT system to manage or interface with test processes
  • how you will authenticate the identity of the Learner taking the paper
  • how you will ensure the papers are kept securely
  • how you will ensure the delivery is manageable at the place it is being taken
  • who will be involved in the delivery of the assessment – is this your staff members or someone else
  • will the training provider, employer or Centre have a role in delivering the assessment – are they invigilating or handing out a paper
  • what enforceable agreement will you have with any training provider, employer or Centre - it is important because if someone does something wrong, like malpractice, you need to be able to take action
  • how will the Learners’ responses be collected and returned to you
• how will you mark Learners’ responses
• who will mark responses: people or machines
• if marked by people, how you will know they have the right expertise and no conflicts of interest
• how you will standardise your markers to ensure that they are marking consistently
• how you will generate a result in accordance with the requirements of the assessment plan
• how you will know these assessments are comparable to others you have set for this qualification that are taken at different places and over time – how will you maintain standards
• how you will identify wrongdoing such as malpractice or maladministration

You should also ensure your submission explains how you will ensure the qualifications and assessments you want to offer meet the relevant Equalities Law at every stage of the qualification lifecycle and how you will review your processes to ensure qualifications and assessments remain valid and reliable.

You may already have provided some of the evidence when addressing Criteria A or C1(a) (for example governance, conflicts of interest, IT systems, resources, job descriptions and role profiles, Centre approval, enforceable agreements, and reasonable adjustments). This is fine, you do not need to repeat it. Tell us where we can find the information. A well-referenced application makes this much easier and quicker for us to review.

This is only an example of the sort of information we will look for in your application. Many of the points above also relate to the other forms of assessment you may be using. If you want to offer a range of qualifications and assessments that cover different regulatory types, we will expect to see in your application a document, or documents, that explain how you will develop, deliver and award across the range requested, including the range of assessment methods that may require.

We use all of this evidence together with the rest of the application to consider whether we are assured that you have the understanding of, commitment to and approach to the development, delivery and award of qualifications and assessments. These questions may help you check that you have provided information to support Criterion D elsewhere in your application:

1. 1. Have you explained where each function of qualification development, delivery and awarding will sit within the organisation?
2. 2. Have you explained your processes in such a way which provides evidence of your understanding and describes those processes to show how the different functions will interact?
3. 3. Have you provided role profiles which clearly identify those roles which are responsible for development, delivery and award of each qualification type in respect of which you are applying for recognition? Do these roles have the appropriate assessment design and development technical skills to ensure subject content, reliability or equality?
4. 4. Have you explained how these roles fit within the organisation?
5. 5. Have you explained the staffing levels you believe you will need and why these seem appropriate?
6. 6. What steps have you taken to identify, manage and monitor any conflicts of interest which may arise?
7. 7. Have you included evidence in your business plan and associated funding that demonstrates how you would ensure there will be sufficient funding to cover all costs associated with every stage of the qualification lifecycle?
8. 8. Have you explained whether you would and, if so, how you will use expertise from other organisations, such as consultants, trade associations, subject experts?
9. 9. Have you evidenced how you will ensure that the qualifications and end-point assessments you offer will meet Equalities Law?

Supporting information

To demonstrate how you meet the requirements of Criterion D.1, you may wish to include some of the following in your response as evidence, or reference its location elsewhere in your application (for example, the first 3 bullet points below might be located within your evidence to support Criterion C: Resources and Financing).

Information in relation to the development, delivery and award of a qualification which you may make available as an awarding organisation

You may wish to provide:

• business strategy and plan or case
• staffing plan
• details of capital investment and financial forecasts
• plans for access to staff and equipment that are sufficient to support the expected current and future demand for services
• evidence that assessment personnel (whether they are developing, designing or delivering assessments) have the necessary experience, training and resources; senior managers similarly are adequately experienced and skilled in this area
• procedures in relation to maintaining archives, retaining and using evidence to guide the work of examiners and assessors
• systems in place for monitoring costs or detailed proposals for continued cost control
• policies on pricing, publishing information on fees and payment terms, and invoicing

Information in relation to securing, as far as possible, the requirement that such qualifications be valid, reliable, comparable, manageable and minimise bias

You may wish to provide:

• details of capital investment and financial forecasts
• evidence of market scoping activity, demonstrating clear understanding of stakeholder requirements and likely delivery routes
• demonstrable support from relevant stakeholders
• compliance with qualification and/or end-point assessment development procedures
• processes and procedures for the reviewing of qualifications and/or end-point assessments to ensure their quality
• processes to collect and evaluate review feedback

Information in relation to securing the compatibility of such qualifications with the requirements of Equalities Law

All awarding organisations regulated by Ofqual must ensure that they design, deliver and award qualifications in accordance with the requirements of equalities law in England. The primary source of equalities law in England is the Equality Act 2010. More information is published by the responsible statutory body, the Equality and Human Rights Commission.

You may wish to provide information on:

• how assessment personnel and procedures take into account relevant requirements which seek to minimise barriers to access wherever relevant, noting this should not be limited to the delivery of the assessment
• policies and procedures to ensure the quality of internal and external assessment and deal with incidents of malpractice, appeals and complaints