Guidance

References

Updated 19 March 2025

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  3. Satoh K, Makimura K, Hasumi Y, Nishiyama Y, Uchida K, Yamaguchi H. ‘Candida auris sp. nov., a novel ascomycetous yeast isolated from the external ear canal of an inpatient in a Japanese hospital’ Microbiology and Immunology 2009: volume 53, issue 1, pages 41 to 44
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  20. Abdolrasouli A, Fraser MA. ‘Candida auris identification and profiling by MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry’ Methods in Molecular Biology 2022: volume 2,517, pages 21 to 32
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  23. Jacobs SE, Jacobs JL, Dennis EK, Taimur S, Rana M, Patel D and others. ‘Candida auris pan-drug-resistant to 4 classes of antifungal agents’ Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 2022: volume 66,. issue 7, article e0005322
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  29. Wake RM, Allebone-Salt PE, John LLH, Caswall BA, Govender NP, Ben-Ami R and others. ‘Optimizing the treatment of invasive Candidiasis-A case for combination therapy’ Open Forum Infectious Diseases 2024: volume 11, issue 6, article ofae072
  30. Balla N, Kovacs F, Balazs B, Borman AM, Bozo A, Jakab A and others. ‘Synergistic interaction of caspofungin combined with posaconazole against FKS wild-type and mutant Candida auris planktonic cells and biofilms’ Antibiotics 2022: volume 11, issue 11 (no pagination)
  31. Fakhim H, Chowdhary A, Prakash A, Vaezi A, Dannaoui E, Meis JF and others. ‘In vitro interactions of echinocandins with triazoles against multidrug-resistant Candida auris’ Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 2017: volume 61, issue 11
  32. Jaggavarapu S, Burd EM, Weiss DS. ‘Micafungin and amphotericin B synergy against Candida auris’ The Lancet Microbe 2020: volume 1, issue 8, pages e314 to e315
  33. John LLH, Thomson DD, Bicanic T, Hoenigl M, Brown AJP, Harrison TS and others. ‘Heightened efficacy of Anidulafungin when used in combination with Manogepix or 5-Flucytosine against Candida auris in vitro’ Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 2023: artcle e0164522
  34. Lepak AJ, Zhao M, Berkow EL, Lockhart SR, Andes DR. ‘Pharmacodynamic optimization for treatment of invasive Candida auris infection’ Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 2017: volume 61, issue 8
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  37. Ham YY, Lewis JS, Thompson GR. ‘Rezafungin: A novel antifungal for the treatment of invasive candidiasis’ Future Microbiology 2021: volume 16, issue 1, pages 27 to 36
  38. Pfaller MA, Huband MD, Rhomberg PR, Bien PA, Castanheira M. ‘Activities of Manogepix and comparators against 1,435 recent fungal isolates collected during an international surveillance program (2020)’  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 2022: volume 66, issue 11, article e0102822
  39. Vazquez JA, Pappas PG, Boffard K, Paruk F, Bien PA, Tawadrous M and others. ‘Clinical efficacy and safety of a novel antifungal, Fosmanogepix, in patients with candidemia caused by Candida auris: results from a phase 2 trial’ Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 2023: article e0141922
  40. Leroux S, Jacqz-Aigrain E, Elie V, Legrand F, Barin-Le Guellec C, Aurich B and others. ‘Pharmacokinetics and safety of fluconazole and micafungin in neonates with systemic candidiasis: a randomized, open-label clinical trial’ British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 2018: volume 84, issue 9, pages 1,989 to 1,999
  41. Hope WW, Mickiene D, Petraitis V, Petraitiene R, Kelaher AM, Hughes JE and others. ‘The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of micafungin in experimental hematogenous Candida meningoencephalitis: implications for echinocandin therapy in neonates’ Journal of Infectious Diseases 2008: volume 197, issue 1, pages 163 to 171
  42. Kenters N, Kiernan M, Chowdhary A, Denning DW, Pemán J, Saris K and others. ‘Control of Candida auris in healthcare institutions: outcome of an International Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy expert meeting’ International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 2019: volume 54, issue 4, pages 400 to 406
  43. Abdolrasouli A, Armstrong-James D, Ryan L, Schelenz S. ‘In vitro efficacy of disinfectants utilised for skin decolonisation and environmental decontamination during a hospital outbreak with Candida auris’ Mycoses 2017: volume 60, issue 11, pages 758 to 763
  44. Moore G, Schelenz S, Borman AM, Johnson EM, Brown CS. ‘Yeasticidal activity of chemical disinfectants and antiseptics against Candida auris’ Journal of Hospital Infection 2017: volume 97, issue 4, pages 371 to 375
  45. Sherry L, Ramage G, Kean R, Borman A, Johnson EM, Richardson MD and others. ‘Biofilm-forming capability of highly virulent, multidrug-resistant Candida auris’ Emerging Infectious Diseases 2017: volume 23, issue 2, pages 328 to 331
  46. Omardien S, Teska P. ‘Skin and hard surface disinfection against Candida auris: what we know today’ Frontiers in Medicine 2024: volume 11, page 1,312,929
  47. Ghannoum M, Herrada J, McCormick TS, Long L. ‘A novel transdermal application for clearing skin colonization by Candida auris’ Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 2021: volume 65, issue 5, pages e02303 to e02320
  48. Wei L, Li Y, Li X, Bian L, Wen Z, Li M. ‘Chlorhexidine-impregnated dressing for the prophylaxis of central venous catheter-related complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis’ BMC Infectious Diseases 2019: volume 19, issue 1, page 429
  49. Garcia-Bustos V, Salavert M, Ruiz-Gaitán AC, Cabañero-Navalon MD, Sigona-Giangreco IA, Pemán J. ‘A clinical predictive model of candidaemia by Candida auris in previously colonized critically ill patients’ Clinical Microbiology and Infection 2020: volume 26, issue 11, pages 1,507 to 1,513
  50. Shastri PS, Shankarnarayan SA, Oberoi J, Rudramurthy SM, Wattal C, Chakrabarti A. ‘Candida auris candidaemia in an intensive care unit: prospective observational study to evaluate epidemiology, risk factors, and outcome’ Journal of Critical Care 2020: volume 57, pages 42 to 48
  51. Johnson MD, Lewis RE, Dodds Ashley ES, Ostrosky-Zeichner L, Zaoutis T, Thompson GR and others. ‘Core recommendations for antifungal stewardship: a statement of the Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortium’ Journal of Infectious Diseases 2020: volume 222, suplement 3, pages S175 to s98
  52. Whitney L, Al-Ghusein H, Glass S, Koh M, Klammer M, Ball J and others. ‘Effectiveness of an antifungal stewardship programme at a London teaching hospital 2010 to 2016’ Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2019: volume 74, issue 1, pages 234 to 241
  53. Micallef C, Ashiru-Oredope D, Hansraj S, Denning DW, Agrawal SG, Manuel RJ and others. ‘An investigation of antifungal stewardship programmes in England’ Journal of Medical Microbiology 2017: volume 66, issue 11, pages 1,581 to 1,589
  54. Hart E, Nguyen M, Allen M, Clark CM, Jacobs DM. ‘A systematic review of the impact of antifungal stewardship interventions in the United States’ Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials 2019: volume 18, issue 1, page 24
  55. Caceres DH, Forsberg K, Welsh RM, Sexton DJ, Lockhart SR, Jackson BR and others. ‘Candida auris: a review of recommendations for detection and control in healthcare settings’ Journal of Fungi 2019: volume 5, issue 4
  56. Ahmad S, Alfouzan W. ‘Candida auris: epidemiology, diagnosis, pathogenesis, antifungal susceptibility, and infection control measures to combat the spread of infections in healthcare facilities’ Microorganisms 2021: volume 9, issue 4
  57. Chakrabarti A, Sood P. On the emergence, spread and resistance of Candida auris: host, pathogen and environmental tipping points’ Journal of Medical Microbiology 2021: volume 70, issue 3
  58. Yadav A, Singh A, Wang Y, Haren MHV, Singh A, de Groot T and others. ‘Colonisation and transmission dynamics of Candida auris among chronic respiratory diseases patients hospitalised in a chest hospital, Delhi, India: a comparative analysis of whole genome sequencing and microsatellite typing’ Journal of Fungi 2021: volume 7, issue 2
  59. Welsh RM, Bentz ML, Shams A, Houston H, Lyons A, Rose LJ and others. ‘Survival, persistence, and isolation of the emerging multidrug-resistant pathogenic yeast Candida auris on a plastic health care surface’ Journal of Clinical Microbiology 2017: volume 55, issue 10, pages 2,996 to 3,005
  60. de Almeida JN, Jr., Francisco EC, Hagen F, Brandão IB, Pereira FM, Presta Dias PH and others, ‘Emergence of Candida auris in Brazil in a COVID-19 intensive care unit’ Journal of Fungi 2021: volume 7, issue 3
  61. Decker BK, Clancy CJ. ‘Lanyards as source of a Candida auris outbreak: as you investigate the environment, do not overlook hand hygiene’ Critical Care Medicine 2021: pages 714 to 716
  62. Nobrega de Almeida J, Jr., Brandão IB, Francisco EC, de Almeida SLR, de Oliveira Dias P, Pereira FM and others. ‘Axillary digital thermometers uplifted a multidrug-susceptible Candida auris outbreak among COVID-19 patients in Brazil’ Mycoses 2021: volume 64, issue 9, pages 1,062 to 1,072
  63. Patterson CA, Patel A, Newsholme W, Tan M, Edgeworth JD, Wyncoll D and others. ‘Cloth lanyards as a source of intermittent transmission of Candida auris on an ICU’ Critical Care Medicine 2021: pages 697 to 701
  64. CDC. ‘Infection control guidance: Candida auris 2024’ (cited 11 August 2024)
  65. Weber DJ, Rutala WA, Sickbert-Bennett E. ‘Emerging infectious diseases, focus on infection prevention, environmental survival and germicide susceptibility: SARS-CoV-2, Mpox, and Candida auris’ American Journal of Infection Control 2023: volume 51, issue 11s, pages a22 to a34
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