Transparency data

Ministry of Defence Police use of force data: October to December 2018

Updated 12 September 2024

Summary

• 28 instances of use of force by Ministry of Defence Police officers recorded during the period from 1 October 2018 to 31 December 2018

• the most common reason for use of force was to protect self: 23 instances

• the most commonly recorded impact factor was alcohol: 10 instances

• the most common perceived ethnicity of individuals subject to use of force was white: 20 out of 28 instances

• the most common outcome was released/no further action: 14 out of 28 instances

Locations

In most cases, use of force by MDP Officers took place on street/highways: 14 recorded instances.

Table 1: Reasons for use of force^{[footnote 1]}

Use of force reason	Count
Protect self	23
Effect search	17
Effect arrest	15
Protect other officer	8
Prevent escape	6
Prevent offence	5
Protect public	5
Protect subject	3
Secure evidence	1
Prevent harm	1
Method of entry	0
Remove handcuffs	0
Other	0
Total	84

Table 2: Impact factors^{[footnote 2]}

Impact factors	Count
Alcohol	10
Drugs	9
Prior knowledge	5
Mental health	4
Possession of a weapon	3
Size/gender/build	2
Crowd	0
Acute behavioural disorder	0
Other	0
Total	33

Table 3: Primary conduct/behaviour of subject^{[footnote 3]}

Primary conduct/behaviour of subject	Count
Compliant	14
Aggressive resistance	4
Verbal resistance/gestures	4
Active resistance	3
Serious or aggravated resistance	2
Passive resistance	1
No data available	0
Total	28

Table 4: Tactics deployed^{[footnote 4]}

	Most Common	Second most Common	Third Most Common
First tactic: 28 instances	Compliant handcuffing:18	Tactical communication: 4 Non-compliant handcuffing: 4	Firearms: 2
Second tactic: 4 instances	Non-compliant handcuffing - 1 Unarmed skills: 1 Ground restraint: 1 AEP aimed: 1

Table 5: Conducted Energy Devices and Firearms deployed

Presentation of Conducted Energy Device (Taser)	Instances
CED drawn	0
CED aimed	0
CED arced	0
CED red dotted	1
Use of Conducted Energy Device (Taser)
CED stun	0
CED fired	0
Firearms
Firearm drawn	2
Firearm aimed	0
Firearm fired	0

Officer injuries

• 1 officer was assaulted
• 1 officer received minor injuries from being intentionally assaulted by the subject
• 1 officer was spat at by the subject
• No officers incurred severe injuries.

Subject details^{[footnote 5]}

Table 6: Gender

Perceived gender of the subject	Count
Male	27
Female	1
Transgender	0
Total	28

Table 7: Age

Perceived age of subject	Count
Under 11 years	0
11 to 17 years	2
18 to 34 years	14
35 to 49 years	6
50 to 64 years	2
65 years or over	1
Not recorded	3
Total	28

Table 8: Ethnicity

Perceived ethnicity of subject	Count
White / White British	20
Black / Black British	4
Not known	3
Other ethnic origin	1
Asian / Asian British	0
Mixed race	0
Total	28

Disabilities

• all subjects were perceived to have no physical disabilities
• in 4 out of 28 incidents, the subjects were perceived to have mental disabilities

Injuries and medical assistance

• 2 subjects received minor injuries in an instance where use of force was recorded
• 1 instance of medical assistance was required.

Table 9: Outcomes

Outcome	Count
Released / No further action	14
Arrested	12
Made off / escaped	1
Detained (Mental Health Act)	1
Hospitalised	0
Fatality	0
Total	28

Table 3: Primary conduct behaviour of subjects: Definitions

• Compliant: no resistance to instructions

• Verbal resistance: verbal abuse or gestures made but does not offer any physical resistance for example; verbally swearing, offensive finger gestures

• Passive resistance: resistance that is not physical in nature but is intended to stop an officer or the general public from leading their day-to-day activities for example; sitting in the road, refusing to move

• Active resistance: a form of resistance or obstruction that is mildly physical in nature, for example; pushing, shoving

• Aggressive resistance: a stage above active resistance where physical resistance is more pronounced but has no intention to injure an officer for example; struggling against an officer

• Serious/aggravated resistance: Use of violence against police with the intention to seriously injure or evade arrest for example; striking with a weapon, punching

1. Use of force can be used for several reasons in any given incident; there is a staged escalation process in the Police Service and therefore multiple reasons maybe recorded for a single incident. ↩

2. Impact factors are not always relevant to instances of use of force and fewer impact factors than incidents may therefore be recorded. Likewise, it is possible to have multiple impact factors for one incident. ↩

3. Officers use the categories listed to best describe the primary conduct/behaviour of subjects. If the subject displays more than one conduct/behaviour, the officer will only record the most relevant or severe. Definitions of the conduct/behaviour categories are provided at end note. ↩

4. The information provided in Table 4 and corresponding bullet points does not include instances relating to the deployment of Conducted Energy Devices (Tasers) or Firearms; information regarding those instances is provided in Table 5. ↩

5. Figures provided relate to the number of instances of use of force and do not always correspond to the specific number of individuals involved. For example, more than one instance of use of force could be attributed to the same person. ↩