Accredited official statistics

UK monthly property transactions commentary

Updated 28 March 2025

1. Headline statistics

Headline statistics from the latest transactions data include:

  • the provisional seasonally adjusted estimate of the number of UK residential transactions in February 2025 is 108,250, 28% higher than February 2024 and 13% higher than January 2025

  • the provisional non-seasonally adjusted estimate of the number of UK residential transactions in February 2025 is 90,430, 24% higher than February 2024 and 10% higher than January 2025

  • the provisional seasonally adjusted estimate of the number of UK non-residential transactions in February 2025 is 10,090, 1% higher than February 2024 and 8% higher than January 2025

  • the provisional non-seasonally adjusted estimate of the number of UK non-residential transactions in February 2025 is 8,800, 2% lower than February 2024 and 4% higher than January 2025

2. Executive summary

Figures for seasonally adjusted residential transactions have seen a considerable increase in the lead up to the change in Stamp Duty Land Tax rates in April 2025. Figures for February 2025 increased by 13% from 95,790 in January 2025 to 108,250 in February 2025. Non-seasonally adjusted residential transactions increased by 10% in February 2025 relative to January 2025.

Seasonally adjusted non-residential transactions have also seen a substantive increase in transactions, with figures for February 2025 increasing by 8% relative to January 2025. Non-seasonally adjusted non-residential transactions are 4% higher relative to January 2025. Seasonally adjusted non-residential transactions are 1% higher than in February 2024.

3. About this release

These HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) National Statistics provide monthly provisional estimates of residential and non-residential property transactions in the UK and its constituent countries. National Statistics are accredited official statistics.

These statistics are based upon records by HMRC, Revenue Scotland and the Welsh Revenue Authority (WRA) for Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT), Land and Buildings Transaction Tax (LBTT) and Land Transaction Tax (LTT) respectively.

The latest release was published 09:30am 28 March 2025 and was updated with provisional data from completed transactions during February 2025. The next release will be published 09:30am 30 April 2025 and will be updated with provisional data from completed transactions during March 2025.

The ‘Monthly property transactions completed in the UK with value of £40,000 or above’ statistical release is Crown Copyright. The information can be used as long as the source is clearly described.

The data within these HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) statistics does not necessarily reflect the current strength of the housing market, because they represent completions which are on average two to four months after an initial offer is made on a property.

4. The latest statistics

The latest statistics section provides information on UK residential and non-residential transactions during the previous 3 years. To demonstrate any underlying trends within the data, seasonally adjusted transactions estimates are provided alongside non-seasonally adjusted estimates.

Caution is advised when interpreting estimates for the latest month due to their provisional status. This is because they are based upon incomplete data as not all SDLT, LBTT and LTT returns are received by HMRC, Revenue Scotland and WRA when figures are compiled. We therefore expect statistics to be revised in future months, although transactions figures generally settle after approximately 3 months.

Figure 1: Non-seasonally adjusted and seasonally adjusted UK residential property transactions by month between February 2022 and February 2025.

Figure 1 demonstrates the following trends for UK residential transactions:

  • provisional figures for February 2025 increased by 13% for seasonally adjusted transactions from January 2025

  • non-seasonally adjusted transactions increased by 10% in February 2025 relative to January 2025

Figure 2: Non-seasonally adjusted and seasonally adjusted UK non-residential property transactions by month between February 2022 and February 2025.

Figure 2 demonstrates the following trends for UK non-residential transactions:

  • seasonally adjusted transaction levels for February 2025 increased by 8% relative to January 2025

  • non-seasonally adjusted non-residential transaction figures for February 2025 increased by 4% relative to January 2025

5. UK residential transactions

Residential property refers to buildings used or suitable for use as a dwelling, or in the process of being constructed for use as a dwelling. It also includes the gardens and grounds of dwellings. Go to HMRC Stamp Duty Land Tax Manual for more definitions of residential and non-residential properties.

The following section provides detailed analysis of UK residential transactions. To demonstrate any underlying trends within the data, seasonally adjusted transactions estimates are provided alongside non-seasonally adjusted estimates.

5.1 Figure 3: Comparisons of non-seasonally adjusted and seasonally adjusted UK residential transactions in February between 2016 and 2025.

Month and year Non-seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
February 2016 91,310 106,260
February 2017 83,670 100,710
February 2018 81,730 97,830
February 2019 81,580 97,170
February 2020 82,830 97,780
February 2021 121,260 143,250
February 2022 94,090 111,540
February 2023 75,300 89,630
February 2024 72,820 84,520
February 2025 [provisional estimates] 90,430 108,250

5.2 Figure 4: Financial year to date (April to February) comparison of UK residential transactions between the 2015 to 2016 and 2024 to 2025 financial years.

Financial Year Non-seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
2015 to 2016 1,157,140 1,148,830
2016 to 2017 1,052,690 1,048,610
2017 to 2018 1,112,140 1,113,390
2018 to 2019 1,093,950 1,092,860
2019 to 2020 1,087,460 1,079,170
2020 to 2021 1,010,610 1,013,930
2021 to 2022 1,260,600 1,263,830
2022 to 2023 1,121,760 1,117,390
2023 to 2024 913,480 914,940
2024 to 2025 [provisional estimates] 1,046,750 1,044,110
Figure 5: Historic non-seasonally adjusted and seasonally adjusted UK residential property transactions by month between 2005 and 2025.

Figure 5 demonstrates the following trends for UK residential transactions:

  • there were large peaks in transactions during March, June, and September 2021 caused by increased numbers of taxpayers taking advantage of temporarily increased nil rate bands of SDLT, LBTT, and LTT

  • the COVID-19 pandemic caused substantial decreases for transactions during 2020 quarter 2

  • there was a large peak in March 2016 caused by increased amounts of taxpayers completing before the introduction of higher rates for additional residential properties from April 2016

  • there was an unseasonal peak in December 2009 caused by the ending of a temporarily increased nil rate band for residential transactions

  • the fall in transactions from late 2007 coincided with the financial crisis, before which transactions had increased steadily before peaking in mid 2006

6. UK non-residential transactions

Non-residential property includes, but is not limited to:

  • commercial property
  • agricultural land
  • forests
  • any other land or property which is not residential
  • 6 or more residential properties bought in a single transaction
  • mixed use transactions

The following section provides detailed analysis of UK non-residential transactions. To demonstrate any underlying trends within the data, seasonally adjusted transactions estimates are provided alongside non-seasonally adjusted estimates.

6.1 Figure 6: Comparisons of non-seasonally adjusted and seasonally adjusted UK non-residential transactions in February between 2016 and 2025.

Month and year Non-seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
February 2016 8,820 9,920
February 2017 9,280 10,820
February 2018 8,930 10,380
February 2019 8,890 10,310
February 2020 8,410 9,720
February 2021 8,960 10,330
February 2022 9,340 10,740
February 2023 8,410 9,640
February 2024 8,960 9,950
February 2025 [provisional estimates] 8,800 10,090

6.2 Figure 7: Financial year to date (April to February) comparison of UK non-residential transactions between the 2015 to 2016 and 2024 to 2025 financial years.

Financial Year Non-seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
2015 to 2016 107,880 109,120
2016 to 2017 114,710 116,450
2017 to 2018 114,400 116,520
2018 to 2019 113,760 115,480
2019 to 2020 108,880 109,790
2020 to 2021 89,120 90,460
2021 to 2022 112,570 114,330
2022 to 2023 110,210 111,770
2023 to 2024 107,130 108,770
2024 to 2025 [provisional estimates] 113,360 113,930
Figure 8: Historic non-seasonally adjusted and seasonally adjusted UK non-residential property transactions by month between 2005 and 2025.

Figure 8 demonstrates the following trends for UK non-residential transactions:

  • ahead of the Autumn Budget 2024, October 2024 saw the highest transaction figures since the introduction of these SDLT statistics in 2005

  • impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in the second quarter of 2020 showing the lowest quarterly total for transactions since the introduction of these SDLT statistics in 2005

  • as with UK residential transactions, the 2007 financial crisis triggered a fall in UK non-residential transactions

7. Contacts

The ‘Monthly property transactions completed in the UK with value with value of £40,000 or above’ statistical release is produced by the Property Tax Statistics team as part of the ‘Property transactions in the UK collection.

Contact stamptaxes.statistics@hmrc.gov.uk for statistical enquiries.

Contact HMRC press office for media enquiries.