National ANPR Service technical specifications (accessible version)
Updated 10 December 2024
Version 3.6 Final, December 2024
Document Revisions
Version | Date | Changes | Owner |
---|---|---|---|
Version 3.1 | May 2021 | Minor revision of VOI template in line with Reg 109 requirements | TAG Chair |
Version 3.2 | December 2021 | Minor revision of VOI list template at request of Technical Advisory Group to ensure clarity and consistency with Reg 109 supplier document | TAG Chair |
Version 3.3 | January 2022 | Minor revision to Section 4 and VOI list template | TAG Chair |
Version 3.4 | January 2022 | Update wording section 4 and additions to VOI list naming convention | TAG Chair |
Version 3.5 | October 2024 | Full review of document by TAG - Out of date content and entries already covered elsewhere (NASPLE / R109) removed. Transliteration table included | TAG Chair |
Version 3.6 | December 2024 | Camera Naming section included | TAG Chair |
Definitions
Acronym | Description |
---|---|
ANPR | Automatic Number Plate Recognition |
ANPR Data | Includes the Vehicle Registration Mark (VRM) as interpreted by the ANPR System together with associated records of location of the ANPR camera that obtained the data together with details of the time of collection and any images associated with that data |
ANPR Read | The interpretation of a VRM by an ANPR system with associated reference to time and location. |
ANPR System | A collection of cameras, readers components linking to NAS |
Camera | The device used to capture an ANPR read |
Communications Link | The connections between the camera, any local infrastructure, and the NAC |
GPS | Global Positioning System |
Hit | The report of a match of a vehicle registration mark (VRM) read with a VRM that is included on a vehicle of interest list (VOI) |
JPEG | Joint Photographic Expert Group image format |
LEA | Law Enforcement Agency – Includes police forces and other agencies undertaking law enforcement activities. |
LEDS | Law Enforcement Data Service – a replacement for the Police National Computer (PNC) |
NAC | National ANPR Capability includes: - the core NAS which is a national system consisting of the functionality to enable use for operational response, investigation and intelligence purposes and a national store of data, and, - the NSAP which is a national data services platform which will provide ANPR data to local ‘Back Office Function’ (BOF) applications, and, - any other national store of data provided for law enforcement purposes relating to terrorism and serious criminal offences. - local ANPR systems to enable use for operational response, investigation, and intelligence purposes, and, - the National ANPR Infrastructure (NAI) which is a network of ANPR cameras, communications links, firewalls, and other related supporting components, which are the responsibility of LEAs, which connect to the NAC. |
NAI | A network of ANPR cameras, communications links, firewalls, and other related supporting components |
NAS | The core National ANPR Service |
NASP | National ANPR Standards for Policing first version published in 2013 and replaced by NASPLE, recognising the applicability to all law enforcement agencies that access the NAC |
NASPLE | National ANPR Standards for Policing and Law Enforcement. |
NSAP | The National Strategic ANPR Platform is a national data services platform which will provide ANPR data to local ‘Back Office Function’ (BOF) applications. |
National VOI List | Nationally circulated lists that include stolen vehicles, vehicles requiring an operational response and vehicles within Schengen circulations |
PNC | Police National Computer |
Regulation 109 | The Road Vehicles (Construction and Use) Regulations 1986 (Reg 109) |
VOI | The details of a vehicle that are of interest to law enforcement for operational response or investigation purposes that is included on a list to enable it to be read and for authorised staff to receive a report of that read. |
VRM | Vehicle Registration Mark |
1. Introduction
This document prescribes the technical specifications for data within the National ANPR Capability (NAC). Systems must support interoperability within the NAC to allow:
-
Real-time matching of ANPR reads against lists of VOI and the real-time delivery of hits.
-
Remote research in accordance with prevailing researching guidelines
-
Read searching for national data searches and data mining in accordance with the NAS Business Rules, as defined within current NASPLE
-
Distribution of lists of vehicles of interest to the NAS
-
Transfer of data and all associated images between LEA NAI and the NAC.
National ANPR Standards for Policing and Law Enforcement (NASPLE) set out the standards that are required for the National ANPR Capability (NAC) to ensure compliance with relevant legislation in the operation and use of law enforcement ANPR.
The information within this document is intended to support compliance and consistency in the operation and management of NAC by the Police and other Law Enforcement Authorities (LEA) and should be read in conjunction with the current National ANPR Standards for Policing and Law Enforcement (NASPLE).
2. Camera Naming
The creation and naming of cameras within the NAI and their configuration in the NAS, is a crucial requirement to ensure data integrity and quality. Police and Law Enforcement Agency ANPR Administrators must ensure they are familiar with the structures and terminology contained within the NAS Camera Mapping and Hierarchical Structure document (available from the Home Office) when setting up new cameras, making changes, or decommissioning cameras.
Every camera lane, both fixed and mobile, MUST have a unique identifier (also known as Triplet, FUC Code, BOF ID, Source ID) consisting of 3 elements:
- FORCE ID
- UNIT ID
- CAMERA LANE ID
An example is, 71_999_1
The UNIT ID and CAMERA LANE ID must each consist of a minimum of 1 digit and a maximum of 4 digits.
The unique identifier (i.e. Triplet, FUC Code, BOF ID, Source ID) should be exclusive to a location. They are NOT transferrable, if a camera is relocated, it should be issued with a new unique identifier.
It is a NAS technical requirement that all parts of the unique identifier are separated by underscores, with a further underscore following the CAMERA LANE ID to denote the end of the identifier and the start of the camera name, which is free text to describe the camera location and direction of travel.
There is a limit of 80 characters including the unique identifier.
An example is, 71_999_1_L1 A686 Sandforth Area Northbound Westshire
For further information/detail on camera naming and evidential presentation, please refer to the latest version of the NAS Camera Mapping and Hierarchical Structure document.
3. ANPR Read Records
3.1 System Testing
The only number that may be entered into any component of the NAC for the purpose of testing connectivity is QQQ111Q.
3.2 Core Data Components
3.2.1 Vehicle Registration Mark (VRM) (Mandatory)
The required format must conform to the Standard Coding Format UTF8 character set and the SIS2 Transliteration Guidance (see Appendix A). The VRM must contain no spaces.
Where a new camera is installed and has the capability to record images of vehicles passing within the field of view where no VRM is identified by the system, ‘QMOTION’ must be recorded within the VRM field. ‘QQQQQQQ’ is supported where existing cameras cannot be changed via configuration or upgrade.
Where a camera has the capability to maintain power for a period following the loss of mains power to the camera, ‘QPWRFAIL’ must be recorded within the VRM field. When mains power is restored to the camera, ‘QPWRREST’ must be recorded within the VRM field.
Where there is a requirement to transmit other specialist messages from roadside infrastructure, a VRM beginning with the Q character must be used, for example QXXXXXX. Numeric characters must not be used.
3.2.2 Time (Mandatory)
Recorded and synchronised using standard time source techniques to Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) plus 0 (+0) at least once every 10 minutes, with accuracy to stratum level 3.
The required format is ‘dd/mm/yyyy hh:mm:ss’, in 24 hour format.
3.2.3 Location (Mandatory)
ANPR data must place a mobile read in a location, accurate to within 10 metres. This location should have been ascertained through a Global Positioning System (GPS) device. For fixed cameras, the GPS location of the read should be hard coded to within 5 metres of the correct position on the carriageway where the vehicle is being captured.
The required format for recording a location is latitude and longitude in decimal degrees.
When a mobile ANPR system is unable to deliver an accurate GPS coordinate for a read, the GPS field must be populated with N0000000 E00000000
3.2.4. Supporting Imagery
Plate patch – showing the number plate only, (Mandatory for systems under ownership or control of an LEA).
A plate patch must be in JPEG format, 120x60 pixels and be no more than 3KB in size.
Overview – showing the vehicle in the context of the read zone (Optional). An overview image must be in JPEG format, no more than 25KB in size.
Where images obtained by a camera exceed 3KB for a plate patch or 25KB for an overview, these must be adjusted prior to forwarding to the NAS.
‘Geo Tagging’, if an accurate GPS Geo Location is available, then this detail may be added to images using Exif (Exchangeable image file format) (Optional)
3.2.5 Supporting Data
Data between the camera and the Back Office Function (BOF) and/or the Management Server, for sending to the national systems within the NAC, must be in a format to meet any validation and error handling requirements of the NAC. Most common supported formats include UTMC 1.1, UTMC 1.2 and Web Services. This is not an exhaustive list.
4. Vehicle of Interest (VOI) Lists
VOI lists must meet the specification as set out in the Regulation 109 Specification Document, the current version of which can be found here.
Annex A
Transliteration Values
Numeric characters
Sequence Number | Original characters | Description | UTF8 Encoding Upper Case | UTF8 Encoding Lower Case | Standard Transliteration |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 0 | 0 | 0030 | 0030 | 0 |
2 | 1 | 1 | 0031 | 0031 | 1 |
3 | 2 | 2 | 0032 | 0032 | 2 |
4 | 3 | 3 | 0033 | 0033 | 3 |
5 | 4 | 4 | 0034 | 0034 | 4 |
6 | 5 | 5 | 0035 | 0035 | 5 |
7 | 6 | 6 | 0036 | 0036 | 6 |
8 | 7 | 7 | 0037 | 0037 | 7 |
9 | 8 | 8 | 0038 | 0038 | 8 |
10 | 9 | 9 | 0039 | 0039 | 9 |
Latin characters
Standard Transliteration for Latin characters
Sequence Number | Original characters | Description | UTF8 Encoding Upper Case | UTF8 Encoding Lower Case | Standard Transliteration |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | A, a | A | 0041 | 0061 | A |
2 | B, b | B | 0042 | 0062 | B |
3 | C, c | C | 0043 | 0063 | C |
4 | D, d | D | 0044 | 0064 | D |
5 | E, e | E | 0045 | 0065 | E |
6 | F, f | F | 0046 | 0066 | F |
7 | G, g | G | 0047 | 0067 | G |
8 | H, h | H | 0048 | 0068 | H |
9 | I, i | I | 0049 | 0069 | I |
10 | J, j | J | 004A | 006A | J |
11 | K, k | K | 004B | 006B | K |
12 | L, l | L | 004C | 006C | L |
13 | M, m | M | 004D | 006D | M |
14 | N, n | N | 004E | 006E | N |
15 | O, o | O | 004F | 006F | O |
16 | P, p | P | 0050 | 0070 | P |
17 | Q, q | Q | 0051 | 0071 | Q |
18 | R, r | R | 0052 | 0072 | R |
19 | S, s | S | 0053 | 0073 | S |
20 | T, t | T | 0054 | 0074 | T |
21 | U, u | U | 0055 | 0075 | U |
22 | V, v | V | 0056 | 0076 | V |
23 | W, w | W | 0057 | 0077 | W |
24 | X, x | X | 0058 | 0078 | X |
25 | Y, y | Y | 0059 | 0079 | Y |
26 | Z, z | Z | 005A | 007A | Z |
Special characters
Sequence Number | Original characters | Description | UTF8 Encoding Upper Case | UTF8 Encoding Lower Case | Normalisation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ‘.’ | Full Stop | 002E | 002E | remove |
2 | ‘-’ | Hyphen | 002D | 002D | remove |
3 | ‘/’ | Solidus | 002F | 002F | remove |
4 | ‘’’ | Apostrophe | 0027 | 0027 | remove |
5 | ‘(’ | Left parenthesis | 0028 | 0028 | remove |
6 | ‘)’ | Right parenthesis | 0029 | 0029 | remove |
7 | ‘?’ | Question mark | 003F | 003F | remove |
8 | ‘:’ | Colon | 003A | 003A | remove |
9 | ‘,’ | Comma | 002C | 002C | remove |
10 | ‘+’ | Plus sign | 002B | 002B | remove |
11 | ‘blank’ | Space | 0020 | 0020 | remove |
Multinational characters
Sequence Number | Original characters | Description | UTF8 Encoding Upper Case | UTF8 Encoding Lower Case | Standard Transliteration |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Á, á | A acute | 00C1 | 00E1 | A |
2 | À, à | A grave | 00C0 | 00E0 | A |
3 | Â, â | A circumflex | 00C2 | 00E2 | A |
4 | Ä, ä | A diaeresis | 00C4 | 00E4 | AE |
5 | Ã, ã | A tilde | 00C3 | 00E3 | A |
6 | Ă, ă | A breve | 0102 | 0103 | A |
7 | Å, å | A ring | 00C5 | 00E5 | AA |
8 | Ā, ā | A macron | 0100 | 0101 | A |
9 | Ą, ą | A ogonek | 0104 | 0105 | A |
10 | Ć, ć | C acute | 0106 | 0107 | C |
11 | Ĉ, ĉ | C circumflex | 0108 | 0109 | C |
12 | Č, č | C caron | 010C | 010D | C |
13 | Ċ, ċ | C dot accent | 010A | 010B | C |
14 | Ç, ç | C cedilla | 00C7 | 00E7 | C |
15 | Ð, ð | Eth | 00D0 | 00F0 | D |
16 | Ð, đ | D with Stroke | 0110 | 0111 | D |
17 | Ď, ď | D caron | 010E | 010F | D |
18 | É, é | E acute | 00C9 | 00E9 | E |
19 | È, è | E grave | 00C8 | 00E8 | E |
20 | Ê, ê | E circumflex | 00CA | 00EA | E |
21 | Ë, ë | E diaeresis | 00CB | 00EB | E |
22 | Ě, ě | E caron | 011A | 011B | E |
23 | Ė, ė | E dot accent | 0116 | 0117 | E |
24 | Ē, ē | E macron | 0112 | 0113 | E |
25 | Ę, ę | E ogonek | 0118 | 0119 | E |
26 | Ĕ, ě | E breve | 0114 | 0115 | E |
27 | Ĝ, ĝ | G circumflex | 011C | 011D | G |
28 | Ğ, ğ | G breve | 011E | 011F | G |
29 | Ġ, ġ | G dot accent | 0120 | 0121 | G |
30 | Ģ, ģ | G cedilla | 0122 | 0123 | G |
31 | Ħ, ħ | H bar | 0126 | 0127 | H |
32 | Ĥ, ĥ | H circumflex | 0124 | 0125 | H |
33 | I, ı | I without dot (Turkey) | 0049 | 0131 | I |
34 | Í, í | I acute | 00CD | 00ED | I |
35 | Ì, ì | I grave | 00CC | 00EC | I |
36 | Î, î | I circumflex | 00CE | 00EE | I |
37 | Ï, ï | I diaeresis | 00CF | 00EF | I |
38 | Ĩ, ĩ | I tilde | 0128 | 0129 | I |
39 | İ, i | I dot accent | 0130 | 0069 | I |
40 | Ī, ī | I macron | 012A | 012B | I |
41 | Į, į | I ogonek | 012E | 012F | I |
42 | Ĭ, ĭ | I breve | 012C | 012D | I |
43 | Ĵ, ĵ | J circumflex | 0134 | 0135 | J |
44 | Ķ, ķ | K cedilla | 0136 | 0137 | K |
45 | Ł, ł | L slash | 0141 | 0142 | L |
46 | Ĺ, ĺ | L acute | 0139 | 013A | L |
47 | Ľ, ľ | L caron | 013D | 013E | L |
48 | Ļ, ļ | L cedilla | 013B | 013C | L |
49 | Ŀ, ŀ | L dot | 013F | 0140 | L |
50 | Ń, ń | N acute | 0143 | 0144 | N |
51 | Ñ, ñ | N tilde | 00D1 | 00F1 | N |
52 | Ň, ň | N caron | 0147 | 0148 | N |
53 | Ņ, ņ | N cedilla | 0145 | 0146 | N |
54 | Ŋ, ŋ | Eng | 014A | 014B | N |
55 | Ø, ø | O slash | 00D8 | 00F8 | OE |
56 | Ó, ó | O acute | 00D3 | 00F3 | O |
57 | Ò, ò | O grave | 00D2 | 00F2 | O |
58 | Ô, ô | O circumflex | 00D4 | 00F4 | O |
59 | Ö, ö | O diaeresis | 00D6 | 00F6 | OE |
60 | Õ, õ | O tilde | 00D5 | 00F5 | O |
61 | Ő, ő | O double acute | 0150 | 0151 | O |
62 | Ō, ō | O macron | 014C | 014D | O |
63 | Ŏ, ŏ | O breve | 014E | 014F | O |
64 | Ŕ, ŕ | R acute | 0154 | 0155 | R |
65 | Ř, ř | R caron | 0158 | 0159 | R |
66 | Ŗ, ŗ | R cedilla | 0156 | 0157 | R |
67 | Ś, ś | S acute | 015A | 015B | S |
68 | Ŝ, ŝ | S circumflex | 015C | 015D | S |
69 | Š, š | S caron | 0160 | 0161 | S |
70 | Ş, ş | S cedilla | 015E | 015F | S |
71 | Ŧ, ŧ | T bar | 0166 | 0167 | T |
72 | Ť, ť | T caron | 0164 | 0165 | T |
73 | Ţ, ţ | T cedilla | 0162 | 0163 | T |
74 | Ú, ú | U acute | 00DA | 00FA | U |
75 | Ù, ù | U grave | 00D9 | 00F9 | U |
76 | Û, û | U circumflex | 00DB | 00FB | U |
77 | Ü, ü | U diaeresis | 00DC | 00FC | UE |
78 | Ũ, ũ | U tilde | 0168 | 0169 | U |
79 | Ŭ, ŭ | U breve | 016C | 016D | U |
80 | Ű, ű | U double acute | 0170 | 0171 | U |
81 | Ů, ů | U ring | 016E | 016F | U |
82 | Ū, ū | U macron | 016A | 016B | U |
83 | Ų, ų | U ogonek | 0172 | 0173 | U |
84 | Ŵ, ŵ | W circumflex | 0174 | 0175 | W |
85 | Ý, ý | Y acute | 00DD | 00FD | Y |
86 | Ŷ, ŷ | Y circumflex | 0176 | 0177 | Y |
87 | Ÿ, ÿ | Y diaeresis | 0178 | 00FF | Y |
88 | Ź, ź | Z acute | 0179 | 017A | Z |
89 | Ž, ž | Z caron | 017D | 017E | Z |
90 | Ż, ż | Z dot | 017B | 017C | Z |
91 | Þ, þ | Thorn (Iceland) | 00DE | 00FE | TH |
92 | Æ, æ | ligature AE | 00C6 | 00E6 | AE |
93 | IJ,ij | ligature IJ | 0132 | 0133 | IJ |
94 | Œ,œ | ligature OE | 0152 | 0153 | OE |
95 | ß | double ss Germany | 00DF | SS |
Greek & Cyrillic characters - (ONLY to be used if country type detected)
Please observe that some of the transliteration rules for Cyrillic characters are conditional depending on the position of the character (or character combination) in the name. This could pose challenges for ANPR engines with some of the characters closely similar to Latin variants and could cause issues with misreads or Latin letters being incorrectly identified and transliterated incorrectly.
Sequence Number | Original characters | UTF8 Encoding Upper Case | UTF8 Encoding Lower Case | Standard Transliteration |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | А, a | 0410 | 0430 | A |
2 | Б, б | 0411 | 0431 | B |
3 | В, в | 0412 | 0432 | V |
4 | Г, г | 0413 | 0433 | G (except Belorussian, Ukrainian and Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia = H) |
5 | Д, д | 0414 | 0434 | D |
6 | Е, е | 0415 | 0435 | E |
7 | Ё, ё | 0401 | 0451 | E (except Belorussian = IO) |
8 | Ж, ж | 0416 | 0436 | ZH (except Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia = Z) |
9 | З, з | 0417 | 0437 | Z |
10 | И, и | 0418 | 0438 | I (except Ukrainian = Y) |
11 | І, i | 0406 | 0456 | I |
12 | Й, й | 0419 | 0439 | I (except Bulgarian and 1st character in Ukrainian = Y) |
13 | К, к | 041A | 043A | K |
14 | Л, л | 041B | 043B | L |
15 | М, м | 041C | 043C | M |
16 | Н, н | 041D | 043D | N |
17 | О, о | 041E | 043E | O |
18 | П, п | 041F | 043F | P |
19 | Р, р | 0420 | 0440 | R |
20 | С, с | 0421 | 0441 | S |
21 | Т, т | 0422 | 0442 | T |
22 | У, у | 0423 | 0443 | U |
23 | Ф, ф | 0424 | 0444 | F |
24 | Х, х | 0425 | 0445 | KH (except Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and Bulgaria = H) |
25 | Ц, ц | 0426 | 0446 | TS (except Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia = C) |
26 | Ч, ч | 0427 | 0447 | CH (except Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia = C) |
27 | Ш, ш | 0428 | 0448 | SH (except Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia = S) |
28 | Щ, щ | 0429 | 0449 | SHCH (except Bulgarian = SHT) |
29 | Ы ,ы | 042B | 044B | Y |
30 | Ъ, ъ | 042A | 044A | IE (Except Bulgarian = A) |
31 | Ь,ь | 042C | 044C | Y |
32 | Э, э | 042D | 044D | E |
33 | Ю, ю | 042E | 044E | IU (except Bulgarian and 1st character in Ukrainian = YU) |
34 | Я, я | 042F | 044F | IA (except Bulgarian and 1st character in Ukrainian = YA) |
35 | Ѵ, ѵ | 0474 | 0475 | Y |
36 | Ґ, ґ | 0490 | 0491 | G |
37 | Ў,ў | 040E | 045E | U |
38 | Ѫ, ѫ | 046A | 046B | U |
39 | Ѓ, ѓ | 0403 | 0453 | G |
40 | Ђ, ћ | 0402 | 0452 | D |
41 | Ѕ, ѕ | 0405 | 0455 | DZ |
42 | Ј, ј | 0408 | 0458 | J |
43 | Ќ, ќ | 040C | 045C | K (except Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia = KJ) |
44 | Љ, љ | 0409 | 0459 | LJ |
45 | Њ, њ | 040A | 045A | NJ |
46 | Ћ, ћ | 040B | 045B | C |
47 | Џ, џ | 040F | 045F | DZ (except Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia = DJ) |
48 | Є, є | 0404 | 0454 | IE (except 1st character in Ukrainian = YE) |
49 | Ї, ї | 0407 | 0457 | I (except 1st character in Ukrainian = YI) |
50 | ия | IA (only Bulgarian first names and places of birth, and only at the end of the string) |
Greek characters - (ONLY to be used if country type detected)
Sequence Number | Greek characters | UTF8 Encoding Upper Case | UTF8 Encoding Lower Case | Combination of Greek characters | Transcription |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Α,Ά,α,ά (vowel) | 0391/ 0386 | 03B1/03AC | A,A,A,A | |
2 | (ΑΙ, αι) (8) | AI,AI | |||
3 | (ΑΙ, άι) (8) | AI,AI | |||
4 | (ΑΪ, αϊ) (8) | AI,AI | |||
5 | ΑΥ,Αυ,Αύ,αυ,αύ (3) | AV,AV,AV,AV,AV | |||
6 | ΑΥ,Αυ,Αύ,αυ,αύ (4) | AF,AF,AF,AF,AF | |||
7 | ΑΫ,Άυ,Άϋ,Aΰ,άυ,αϋ,άϋ,αΰ (9) | AY, AY, AY, AY, AY, AY, AY,AY | |||
8 | Β, β | 0932 | 03B2 | V, V | |
9 | Γ, γ | 0393 | 03B3 | G, G | |
10 | ΓΓ,Γγ,γγ | NG,NG,NG | |||
11 | (ΓΚ, γκ) (8) | GK,GK | |||
12 | ΓΞ,Γξ,γξ | NX,NX,NX | |||
13 | ΓΧ,Γχ,γχ | NCH,NCH,NCH | |||
14 | Δ, δ | 0394 | 03B4 | D,D | |
15 | Ε,Έ,ε,έ (vowel) | 0395/ 0388 | 03B5/ 03AD | E,E,E,E | |
16 | (ΕΙ, ει) (8) | EI,EI | |||
17 | (ΕΙ, έι) (8) | EI,EI | |||
18 | (ΕΪ, εϊ) (8) | EI,EI | |||
19 | ΕΥ,Ευ,Εύ,ευ,εύ (3) | EV,EV,EV,EV,EV | |||
20 | ΕΥ,Ευ,Εύ,ευ,εύ (4) | EF,EF,EF,EF,EF | |||
21 | ΕΫ,Έυ,Έϋ,Εΰ,έυ,εϋ,έϋ,εΰ (9) | EY,EY,EY,EY,EY,EY,EY,EY | |||
22 | Ϋ, ϋ, ΰ | 03AB | 03CB/ 03B0 | Y,Y,Y | |
23 | Ζ, ζ | 0396 | 03B6 | Z,Z | |
24 | Η,Ή,η,ή (vowel) | 0397/ 0389 | 03B7/ 03AE | I,I,I,I | |
25 | ΗΥ,Ηυ,Ηύ,ηυ,ηύ (3) | IV,IV,IV,IV,IV | |||
26 | ΗΥ,Ηυ,Ηύ,ηυ,ηύ (4) | IF,IF,IF,IF,IF | |||
27 | ΗΫ,Ήυ,Ήϋ,Ηΰ,ήυ,ηϋ,ήϋ,ηΰ (9) | IY,IY,IY,IY,IY,IY,IY,IY | |||
28 | Θ, θ | 0398 | 03B8 | TH,TH | |
29 | Ι,Ί,Ϊ,ι,ί,ϊ,ΐ (vowel) | 0399/ 038A/ 03AA | 03B9/ 03AF/ 03CA/0390 | I,I,I,I,I,I,I | |
30 | Κ, κ | 039A | 03BA | K,K | |
31 | Λ, λ | 039B | 03BB | L,L | |
32 | Μ, μ | 039C | 03BC | M,M | |
33 | ΜΠ,Μπ,μπ (5), (7) | B,B,B | |||
34 | ΜΠ, μπ (6) | MP,MP | |||
35 | Ν, ν | 039D | 03BD | N,N | |
36 | (ΝΤ, ντ) (8) | NT,NT | |||
37 | Ξ, ξ | 039E | 03BE | X,X | |
38 | Ο,Ό,ο,ό (vowel) | 039F/ 038C | 03BF/ 03CC | O,O,O,O | |
39 | (ΟΙ, οι) (8) | OI,OI | |||
40 | (ΟΙ, όι) (8) | OI,OI | |||
41 | (ΟΪ, οϊ) (8) | OI,OI | |||
42 | ΟΥ,Ου,Ού,ου,ού | OU,OU,OU,OU,OU | |||
43 | ΟΫ,Όυ,Όϋ,Οΰ,όυ,οϋ,όϋ,οΰ (9) | OY,OY,OY,OY,OY,OY,OY,OY | |||
44 | Π, π | 03A0 | 03C0 | P,P | |
45 | Ρ, ρ | 03A1 | 03C1 | R,R | |
46 | Σ, σ, ς | 03A3 | 03C3/ 03C2 | S,S,S (2) | |
47 | Τ, τ | 03A4 | 03C4 | T,T | |
48 | Υ,Ύ,υ,ύ (vowel) | 03A5/ 038E | 03C5/ 03CD | Υ,Y,Y,Y | |
49 | (ΥΙ, υι) (8) | YI,YI | |||
50 | Φ, φ | 03A6 | 03C6 | F,F | |
51 | Χ, χ | 03A7 | 03C7 | CH,CH | |
52 | Ψ, ψ | 03A8 | 03C8 | PS,PS | |
53 | Ω,Ώ,ω,ώ (vowel) | 03A9/ 038F | 03C9/ 03CE | O,O,O,O |
Notes on the “Transcription table” above:
(2) – The Greek character ς (sigma final) is transcript into Latin s, the same as for the Greek character σ (sigma). The character σ is used at the beginning or the middle of a word, while the character ς is used at the end of the word.
(3) – Used before the characters β, γ, δ, ζ, λ, μ, ν, ρ, Β, Γ, Δ, Ζ, Λ, Μ, Ν, Ρ and all the vowels.
(4) – Used before the characters θ, κ, ξ, π, σ, ς, τ, φ, χ, ψ, Θ, Κ, Ξ, Π, Σ, Τ, Φ, Χ, Ψ and at the end of the word.
(5) – At the beginning of the word.
(6) – In the middle of the word. A character or group of characters, which is not at the beginning or the end of a word, is in the middle of a word.
(7) – At the end of the word.
(8) – The combinations of Greek characters, which are in parentheses, are presented in table 10 only for clarification. They are converted according to the provisions laid down for each independent character.
(9) – They are converted according to the provisions laid down for each independent character when the vowel υ has an accent (e.g. ύ) or when the υ has dialytika (e.g. ϋ).
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