Policy paper

National Information Infrastructure: first iteration, October 2013

Updated 24 March 2015

This was published under the 2010 to 2015 Conservative and Liberal Democrat coalition government

1. Setting out a National Information Infrastructure

1.1 Summary

In the government response to the Shakespeare Review of June 2013, the government sets out its aim to create a National Information Infrastructure (NII). Since then we have been developing a collaborative process for identifying this set of important data. This has included identifying and maintaining an inventory of data held by government: prioritising data to be included in the NII; and supporting organisations to release data.

The NII will contain the data held by government which is likely to have the broadest and most significant economic and social impact if made available and accessible outside of government, where possible.

1.2 Introduction

It has become clear over the last 3 years that public sector information has the potential to drive significant social and economic growth in the UK. Some innovative applications and services have been developed using government open data from datasets whose value was not immediately obvious. For government data to be better exploited there needs to be clarity about what data public sector bodies hold, how it is used, and how organisations can get access to it, with guarantees around future updates and access.

In his recent review, Stephan Shakespeare recommended that government should have a “twin-track” approach to the release of government data, focusing in the first instance on the release of “core reference data”. In response, the government made a number of commitments (see Annex B) including the creation of a NII which would include those datasets held by government that are the most important and a framework to help data owners prioritise their release. Given the ever evolving responsibilities of government, as well as the changing opportunities for the use of government data, any NII will be an evolving list of priorities.

Over the summer, the Cabinet Office started to develop the processes to support the maintenance of a dynamic NII. We can now launch a first iteration which will be the basis for user feedback and the identification of additional datasets. The processes for defining the NII can be broadly outlined as follows:

• identifying and maintaining an inventory of data held by government
• prioritising data to be included in the NII
• supporting organisations to release data, where possible

Figure 1: Outcome of summer 2013 exercise (correct as of 29 Oct 2013)

The success of the processes outlined in this document are dependent on a number of factors such as continued collaboration between users inside and outside of government, a growing commitment to transparency by public sector organisations and a strong platform for delivery of the process through data.gov.uk. The interaction between users, consumers and owners of data will need to be underpinned by support from a growing number of organisations outside of government, including the Open Data User Group (ODUG), the Open Data Institute (ODI) and Open Knowledge Foundation. These organisations are in a strong position to communicate the demand for and the opportunity presented by the release of government data as well as to offer continued challenge. Although these processes seek to embed the agenda more clearly in the business as usual workings of government departments and their arm’s length bodies (ALBs), there will also need to be continued oversight of these and other aspects of departments’ Open Data Strategies, by Sector Transparency Boards and the refreshed Public Sector Transparency Board. At the same time, the Quarterly Written Ministerial Statement (QWMS) will continue to provide a vehicle for formally reporting departmental progress on open data key commitments to Parliament.

The creation of the NII applies in the first instance to open data held and owned by central government departments. However, there is a rich source of data available in local authorities which will also have significant potential for social and economic growth.

Action: The Cabinet Office will work with the Local Government Association and the Local Public Data Panel to determine how to best consider local authority datasets in future iterations of the NII by April 2014.

The development of the first iteration of a NII marks a drive towards greater openness and transparency across government and a step change in moving beyond release to ensuring the provenance, accessibility and sustainability of government data, where we aspire to open publication. However, safeguarding its relevance will require further action by departments, data.gov.uk, our governance structure and collaboration with our key stakeholders. These actions are detailed in Annex A.

1.3 Developing and maintaining an inventory of data held by government

In setting out a NII, the first step is to develop processes to identify the data which the government holds. Identifying this data is a significant challenge given the large number of government organisations, including ALBs, and the increasing quantity of data produced by them to deliver their services. The development of the local.data.gov.uk section of data.gov.uk – which will become an inventory of local government data – will increase this challenge.

Action: Departments, including their arm’s length bodies, will ensure their list of unpublished datasets is comprehensive, by March 2014.

Action: Departments will develop internal processes, by March 2014, to identify unpublished datasets when they are created and ensure they are added to the inventory on data.gov.uk.

Over the summer, the Cabinet Office has been working with departments and their ALBs to start to develop, for the first time, an inventory of government datasets. This first tranche of work looked at the datasets which are currently available on data.gov.uk and at those underlying, raw datasets which are held and owned by government but not currently published. Over 3,900 unpublished datasets have been listed on the site so far.

Action: The data.gov.uk team will develop a process to identify datasets which have not yet been listed by departments, by February 2014.

The initial inventory of unpublished datasets produced over the summer is a significant step forward, but there is still work to be done to ensure that this inventory becomes more comprehensive and is maintained. This will need departmental analysis of organisational implications. Many departments now need to ensure that their lists are comprehensive, and, in particular, that important datasets in their ALBs are listed. In addition, over a longer time period, public sector organisations will need to develop business as usual processes which support the updating of the inventory when new datasets are created (or, when appropriate, highlight their discontinuation) or at important points such as the purchase of new databases.

Action: Departments will report through the Transparency QWMS on the comprehensiveness of their unpublished dataset inventories starting with the QMWS return for quarter 4, by June 2014.

An important dynamic of this process, and one which will aid departments in achieving comprehensive disclosure, is for outside users to highlight datasets that departments may not have included in their unpublished datasets list. Currently users can only request datasets, via the ODUG process, without knowing who holds that data. The functionality to identify specific datasets missing from the inventory is not yet available on data.gov.uk but we are seeing some users curate their own lists setting out where they believe there are omissions in the Inventory.

1.4 Prioritising data to be included in the National Information Infrastructure

At the same time as setting up systems to continuously update a national inventory of government data, we also need to develop processes to identify those datasets which are the most important and therefore should be included in the NII.

We are proposing that the judgement of whether a dataset is within the NII is based on the likely impact of the benefit of the use of the data both within and outside government. Identifying a dataset’s use and the impact this would have is an on-going endeavour. The uses to which data can be put are varied within public sector organisations and no longer limited to the initial purpose for which the data is collected. In many cases the number of uses in government is dwarfed by the variety of uses that the data could be put to externally. It is not always easy to prejudge the potential uses and benefits that can be derived from a given dataset and innovative uses can be expected when this data is put in the hands of developers and data scientists. There may be some instances where a benefit assessment is required before release by departments.

Action: Departments will develop internal processes which ensure that data holders regularly reconsider the use cases for their data, by April 2014.

Action: Departments will ensure that they make public their assessment of the impact of the release of datasets, by June 2014.

1.5 Crowd-sourcing uses and benefits of government data

On 2 September 2013 the Cabinet Office launched an inventory of unpublished datasets and crowd-sourcing assessment functionality allowing users to highlight the potential uses and impacts of these datasets if made openly available. This builds on the work of ODUG to identify demand for different datasets and to gather input for the benefits cases to put to the Data Strategy Board, and subsequently the Public Sector Transparency Board. This crowd-sourcing has now been expanded so that users can highlight the impacts of all datasets on data.gov.uk, both published and unpublished.

Through this engagement with users, data holders will develop a greater understanding of the uses of their data and can start to engage more directly with potential users. The online process helps us to develop a better understanding of external users’ priorities for release. At the same time government departments are also able to use the platform to openly explain their rationale for why some datasets are released and why some are not via the release notes section.

Action: Departments will report through the Transparency QWMS on the work they are undertaking to engage new users in helping to define further uses for their data starting in the QWMS for quarter 4, by June 2014.

We recognise that it will take some time to gather a truly representative response from data users on datasets. Since the launch in September we have had a reasonable number of responses but need to make every effort to ensure that this becomes a useful and recognised process.

Action: The Cabinet Office will work with departments, ALBs, the Open Data User Group and other stakeholders to develop a programme of engagement with users to encourage greater assessment of datasets, by March 2014.

1.6 Identifying further uses and benefits of government data

In identifying a NII, it is important to also recognise other important internal uses for government data other than the initial reason for its collection. These range from commitments that government has to make data available in law, to ensuring that government has data to be able to respond to national emergencies and crises. So far, we have identified the following further use cases which will aid the case for a dataset to be included in the NII: 1. Data used for emergency resilience: This refers to that subset of data which becomes especially important at times of national emergencies. This data helps organise the response to disasters as well as to help plan mitigations and defences. The government chief scientific adviser is leading a piece of work through the Government Office for Science to identify these datasets. 2. Data which is published on a statutory basis: There is long tradition of making information available to the public, the publication of some of which is enshrined in legislation and much of this could be considered as being of national importance. For instance, the Statistics Act (2007) set up the UK Statistics Authority (UKSA) whose objective is to promote and safeguard the production and publication of official statistics that serve the public good. The UKSA are also responsible for the quality, good practice and comprehensiveness of official statistics. 3. Data which supports an organisation’s public task: The term ‘public task’ is used in the Regulations on the Re-use of Public Sector Information (PSI Regulations). This is one of the factors that determine whether information produced, collected or held by the public sector falls within the scope of the PSI Regulations. The National Archives has developed guidance that helps public sector bodies to define and publish a statement of their respective public tasks. That data which falls within the public task of a public sector organisation can be seen as being of greater importance and therefore should be more actively considered for inclusion in the NII.

Action: All central government departments will highlight those datasets that they must provide on a statutory basis, followed by their ALBs, by April 2014 (ALBs by September 2014).

Action: All central government departments will highlight those datasets which it considers falls under their public task, followed by their ALBs, by April 2014 (ALBs by September 2014).

1.7 Representing and communicating the National Information Infrastructure

The Cabinet Office has developed an over-arching framework for the NII to be used as a “thinking tool” in engaging with the NII. Without this framework it will be hard to communicate the function and benefits of the NII. The framework combines a high-level categorisation of government data and characteristics of different types of data to provide a framework for the processes and identify early candidates for inclusion in the NII.

The data themes in the framework for the NII relate primarily to characteristics of the organisation which hold the data and also reflect the high level categories of data in the G8 Open Data Charter. Transparency was one of the key three priorities of the recent G8, chaired by the UK where all G8 Leaders signed up to a set of principles specified in an Open Data Charter. G8 members identified 14 high-value areas, jointly regarded as data that will help unlock the economic potential of open data, support and encourage innovation, and provide greater accountability to improve our democracies. The UK has aligned these categories to inform the creation of its NII.

Datasets listed against Transport and Infrastructure include datasets owned and held by government agencies, ALBs and the wider transport industry, reflecting the organisation of information in the sector.

Overlaying these data themes, we have analysed user feedback, ODUG benefits cases, applications and services which successfully use government data, and expert feedback to develop 4 primary uses of data. These are: 1. Location: Geospatial data which can inform mapping and planning. 2. Performance and Delivery: Data which shows how effectively public bodies and services are fulfilling their public tasks and the delivery of policy. 3. Fiscal: Government spend, procurement and contractual data as well as data about the financial management of public sector activities. This also includes data that government holds about companies which may be of value to users. 4. Operational: Data about the operational structure, placement of public service delivery points and the nature of the resources available within each of them.

Figure 2: Over-arching framework for the NII

1.8 Supporting organisations to release data

In the Open Data White Paper, the government set out that there should be a “presumption to publish” data. The G8 Open Data Charter identified a policy of ‘open data by default’. Clearly, while looking to support these principles for some organisations this can be a difficult transition and, in some cases, will require detailed consideration of wider impact, particularly where important datasets are currently charged for and organisational business models are reliant on this revenue, or where the dataset contains data that is not owned by government.

The NII will provide clarity to public sector organisations about those datasets which they should consider the highest priority for release on the basis of what is most useful to others, as well as clarity to those outside government about what data is available and the timetable on which it may become available. It will also signal where data is available but where charges apply and there are no current plans for release on a free basis. It is also acknowledged that some data is collected on an individual level and cannot be released in an open format at the lowest level of granularity. We will work with departments to explore the viability of releasing data or a subset of it as open data in line with recommendations from the Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO) on anonymisation.

Both the inventory and the NII will contain datasets that are published and ones that are not. The aspiration will be to make government data available in an open, usable and re-usable format but it must be recognised that this may not always be possible. Where it is not possible, the organisation involved should explore, with its stakeholders and potential users, how it might best make useful data available.

1.9 Ensuring a pipeline of data releases

Departments should move to making clear which datasets are going to be released and when, including those datasets identified as part of the NII. We are asking departments to provide release dates for those datasets which are in the first cut of the NII. We recognise that this will not be possible for all datasets included in the NII but will review the datasets without publication dates on a regular basis. Similarly, if it is not possible to release a dataset, departments should be explicit about the reasons for not publishing. From the end of December 2013 onwards, and on an on-going basis, where new datasets are identified as being part of the NII, departments should also seek to set out the publication date for the data, where it is not already available.

Action: Departments will provide release dates for datasets included in the first iteration of the NII, where there are no barriers to publication, and, where there are barriers, provide an explanation for non-release, by March 2014.

1.10 Ensuring quality of data within the National Information Infrastructure

When a dataset is released as part of the NII there is an expectation that the data within it will be of the highest appropriate quality. In addition, where datasets have been identified for release, there will be details of its provenance and guarantees on the frequency of updates. In order to maximise the potential impact, data within the NII will also need to be provided in standardised formats and vocabularies. We will engage with our users and data re-users to consider which are the most appropriate formats and vocabularies, through the Standards Hub process operated by the Open Standards Board. Departments will also need to consider the cost, both of release and the maintenance of updating datasets.

Action: Departments will set out the arrangements they have put in place to describe the provenance and ensure the quality and regularity of the release of data they have within the NII, by March 2014.

We will encourage departments to put all of the datasets currently available under the Open Government License through the ODI’s open data certification process, prioritising those included in the NII, and make the outcome available through data.gov.uk. There will be a strong expectation that departments will adhere to the best practice embodied in the ODI open data certificate for new dataset releases.

Action: Departments should put all their datasets currently available under an Open Government Licence through the ODI’s open data certification process, giving priority to the datasets included in the NII, and make the outcome available through data.gov.uk, by December 2014.

1.11 Sharing best practice on business models

There are already a growing number of examples of good practice across government where datasets have been released as open data, in many cases where they have been previously charged for. However, more work needs to be done to understand how organisations can best move from models of providing access to data which rely on charging to those which provide it as open data. Some organisations have already been able to move charged datasets to open data releases (e.g. Land Registry and Companies House) and there is benefit in sharing this good practice with other organisations looking to undertake the same move.

Action: Cabinet Office will work with departments and ALBs to more broadly disseminate best practice in relation to the release of open data and to highlight examples and models of moving from charged data to open data, by December 2014.

2. Annex A: NII Commitments and Next Steps

The Cabinet Office will work with the Local Government Association and the Local Public Data Panel to determine how best to consider local authority datasets into future iterations of the NII.	April 2014
Departments, including their arm’s length bodies, will ensure that their list of unpublished datasets is comprehensive.	March 2014
Departments will develop internal processes to identify unpublished datasets when they are created and ensure that they are added to the inventory on data.gov.uk March 2014
data.gov.uk team will develop a process to identify datasets which have not yet been listed by departments	February 2014
Departments will report through the Transparency Quarterly Written Ministerial Statement (QWMS) on the comprehensiveness of their unpublished dataset inventories starting with the QWMS return for quarter 4	June 2014
Departments will develop internal processes which ensure that data holders regularly reconsider the use cases for their data	April 2014
Departments will ensure that they make public their assessment of the impact of the release of datasets	June 2014
Departments will report through the Transparency QWMS on the work they are undertaking to engage new users in helping to define further uses for their data starting with the QWMS return for quarter 4.	June 2014
The Cabinet Office will work with departments, ALBs, and the Open Data User Group to develop a programme of engagement with users to encourage greater assessment of datasets	March 2014
All central government departments will highlight those datasets which they must provide on a statutory basis, followed by their ALBs.	April 2014 (Depts) Sept 2014 (ALBs)
All central government departments will highlight those datasets which it considers fall under their public task, followed by their ALBs.	April 2014 (Depts) Sept 2014 (ALBs)
Departments will provide release dates for datasets included in the first iteration of the NII, where there are no barriers to publication, and, where there are barriers, provide an explanation for non-publication	March 2014
Departments will set out arrangements they have put in place to describe the provenance and ensure the quality and regularity of the release of data they have within the NII	March 2014
Departments should put all their datasets currently available under the Open Government Licence through the Open Data Institute’s open data certification process, giving priority to the datasets included in the NII, and make the outcome available through data.gov.uk	December 2014
Cabinet Office will work with departments and ALBs to more broadly disseminate best practice in relation to the release of open data and to highlight examples and models of moving from charged data to open data	December 2014

3. Annex B: Update on Commitments in the Government Response to the Shakespeare Review

No.	Commitment	Lead Dept	Deadline	Status at October 2013
	Chapter One – Data strategy and National Core Reference Data
1	The National Data Strategy will be taken forward through the Information Economy Strategy, published today, and we will set out our implementation plans through the UK Open Government Partnership (OGP) National Action Plan, which will be published in October.	CO / BIS	October 2013	Complete
2	The Cabinet Office Transparency Team will set out a collaborative process for identifying those datasets which should be part of the ‘National Information Infrastructure’.	CO	August 2013	Complete
3	As of today we will be publishing the criteria which determine the National Information Infrastructure for comment on data.gov.uk and inviting comment on them.	CO	June 2013	Complete
4	We will set out the data we already have by department and invite comment from business users about what data they would like released. We will also be working with departments to complete this process so that we have a full set outlined for UK OGP National Action Plan in October. At this point we will highlight those which are of the highest priority.	CO	October 2013	Complete
5	The Cabinet Office will work with those departments who have already undertaken a dataset inventory to develop guidance for other departments on how to develop their inventory.	CO	Sept 2013	Complete
6	The Government Chief Scientific Adviser and the National Statistician, who are interested in identifying those datasets of critical importance, whether for national security, responding to emergencies or more widely informing public debate, will conduct a review to set out this sub-set of data.	GO Science / ONS	October 2013	In September, we completed a first draft of our review and sent it out to a number of stakeholders for comment. We have received a number of responses and are now in the process of integrating these comments into the report. We are on track for our deadline of a final product by the end of October.
7	As part of a refreshed departmental Open Data Strategy approach the Cabinet Office Transparency Team will work with departments to define an inventory of all data that they hold, including that already released on data.gov.uk. Using the criteria above departments will be asked to score their data inventories to identify their most important datasets. We will also develop functionality so that these inventories can be published so that citizens, businesses and other users can also contribute to the identification of National Information Infrastructure. These full inventories will be published by departments as part of their Open Data Strategies in October, alongside the refreshed OGP National Action Plan.	CO	October 2013	Complete
8	The refreshed departmental profiles on data.gov.uk will set out current commitments to release data which departments have made in line with the two letters from the Prime Minister, the 2011 Growth Review, the Open Data White Paper and existing Open Data Strategies as well as the Transparency sections of departmental Business plans in a more user friendly way. These improved profiles will set out the deadlines for these commitments and act as a real-time assessment of the delivery of each department and, once launched, will replace the existing Quarterly Written Ministerial Statement on open data made by the Minister for Cabinet Office. Highlights will be incorporated into the UK’s refreshed OGP National Action Plan in October. All of these assessments will also be made available as open data so they can be more easily re-used by others.	CO	October 2013	On track for completion by end October.
9	Before Summer Recess we will commence amendments to the FOI Act which will give a ‘right to data’ wherever release of a data set is required by that Act. Where reasonably practicable, any public authority will be required to release such a data set in a machine readable format.	MOJ	July 2013	Complete
10	The EU Directive on the re-use of PSI will be adopted in Summer 2013. The government aims to transpose the terms of the revised Directive into UK legislation during 2014-15.	MOJ	April 2015	Negotiations between EU Member States took place during 2012/13 culminating in the adoption and publication of the amended Directive in June 2013. A consultation on how HMG should transpose and implement the Directive is planned for Spring 2014, with full implementation before Apr 2015.
11	This summer, the Local Government Association will launch its LG Inform tool - allowing authorities to compare their performance on key areas. LG Inform will go-live for local authorities during September with public access by late Autumn. To integrate local authorities more fully into the UK’s open data structures and provide one accessible website location, we will develop a local section of data.gov.uk providing a forum to help local authorities share data more widely and work with developers and citizens to build best practice.	DCLG / CO / LGA	Sept 2013	LG Inform has been released to local authorities. It is timetabled for public access before Christmas. The local domain work is ongoing.
	Chapter Two - Driving the next phase of delivery
12	We agree with the Shakespeare Review that the governance surrounding PSI has become overly complex, and we will initiate a review that aims to radically simplify the landscape. To begin with, and in recognition of Stephan’s analysis that this agenda needs a high-level focus, our first step is to create a board from the Data Strategy Board and Public Sector Transparency Board to lead delivery on opening up PSI.	CO	July 2013	Complete
13	The Transparency Team will start to blog on a monthly basis from June about the delivery of the domestic transparency agenda.	CO	June 2013	Complete
14	We will consider how best to draw upon experts from within and out with government and will feed this recommendation into our fuller governance review.	CO	July 2013	In progress
	Chapter Three – Trading Funds and support for open data
15	The Met Office is working with the Open Data User Group, small businesses and other users to expand their already substantial portfolio of open data, by increasing access to historic weather observations. Over the summer 2013, a working group will collect and define the user requirements and parameters for the historic data, followed by user testing of access to the additional years of historic data in Autumn 2013. The aim is to complete this phase by spring 2014.	BIS	April 2014	The PWSCG is working with the Met Office to expand their already substantial portfolio of open data by increasing access to historic weather observations. This has taken a phased approach: i. To increase awareness of what is already available; ii. To gather additional requirements for an online portal that will include access to a National Archive place of electronic deposit – the Nation’s memory of weather – that would make this medium to long term solution suitable for use and re-use by the open data community. The first phase is now complete and work is continuing on phase 2, with options for the National Archive expected to be developed by Spring 2014.
16	Land Registry and Companies House have reviewed or are currently reviewing their business strategies. The Shareholder Executive will report on progress in the Autumn. Furthermore, the government continues to keep all of the Public Data Group (PDG) Trading Funds under review and ensure that the organisational structures continue to deliver open data whilst ensuring best value for money for the tax-payer.	BIS	October 2013	The LR review is currently still underway and no final decisions have been made at this stage. CH have set out proposals to Ministers and are developing detailed plans and timescales for final clearance.
17	The government will review the scope for further supporting smaller enterprises and not-for-profit organisations under the existing framework in place under the Information Fair Trader Scheme run by the National Archives.	BIS / TNA	April 2014	Action open.
18	The government agrees that there are further positive steps that can be taken in response to Stephan’s recommendations, building on existing work. In particular, through increased promotion of what data and support is available to raise greater awareness. The PDG communications group will commit to taking this action forward. They will ensure wider promotion of data availability going forward via co-ordinated publicity, and will support wider government efforts to give clarity to existing and future data releases.	BIS	October 2013	The PDG communications group have, along with the BIS press office, developed a forward look of relevant communication opportunities that will be updated on a regular basis. BIS Press Office are using this to effectively communicate PDG communications and share with CO. The forward look includes a programme of opportunities (including potential speaking engagements and online articles) for the PDG Chair to speak at thus raising the profile of PDG and highlighting the work of the trading funds. All PDG Trading Funds are now referencing PDG where appropriate on their twitter feeds and retweeting each other’s tweets as appropriate.
19	The government will also work with the PDG and other interested stakeholders to provide more support for third-party users including ‘hack days’ and data-user competitions, such as the successful GeoVation programme run by Ordnance Survey.	BIS	October 2013	The PDG continue to offer successful hack days and the like as well as competitions. Companies House are also now looking at hack days and other ways of engaging with users as part of their plans for delivering on the goals from their recent Strategic Review. Government continues to encourage this level of engagement with stakeholders and encourages the trading funds to share stakeholder engagement best practice across the PDG.
	Chapter four – Building data analysis capacity in the UK
20	The government will continue to emphasise the importance of data analytics skills across all disciplines of the civil service and through the new Civil Service Professions Council, which will be the co-ordinating body, bringing the professions together to work as a coherent force and maximise their overall contribution to capability building	BIS	October 2013	The government’s strategy for data capability, Seizing the Data Opportunity, emphasises the importance of data analytic skills across all disciplines within the civil service.
21	Through the Information Economy Strategy, the government will support an industry-led exercise to develop a digital skills strategy.	BIS	October 2013	An industry led Working Group of the Information Economy Council has been established and is due to set out initial proposals on 6 November.
	Chapter five - Maximising the benefit from personal data
22	The Law Commission is conducting a scoping project on data sharing between public bodies looking specifically at the barriers public bodies might be encountering to data sharing that is preventing them fulfilling their duties to citizens. The report will consider whether any such barriers are legal, rather than cultural or based on a misunderstanding of the law. The review is due to report in the spring of 2014.	MOJ / Law Commission	April 2014	This scoping project was launched in April 2013. The consultation is open between 16 September and 16 December 2013. The Law Commission aim to present their findings to government in spring 2014.
23	BIS will work with MOJ and ICO through the ongoing activity following the Information Economy Strategy to make re-users of data more fully aware of their obligations.	BIS / MOJ / ICO	October 2013	This action is being taken forward through the government’s strategy for UK data capability.