Research and analysis
NOIDs causative agents: week 43 (week ending 30 October 2022)
Updated 16 January 2023
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NOIDs weekly report
Laboratories in England have a statutory duty to notify the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) of the identification of the following causative agents:
- Bacillus anthracis
- Bacillus cereus
- Bordetella pertussis
- Borrelia spp
- Brucella spp
- Burkholderia mallei
- Burkholderia pseudomallei
- Campylobacter spp
- Carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria
- Chikungunya virus
- Chlamydophila psittaci
- Clostridium botulinum
- Clostridium perfringens
- Clostridium tetani
- Corynebacterium diphtheriae
- Corynebacterium ulcerans
- Coxiella burnetii
- Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus
- Cryptosporidium spp
- Dengue virus
- Ebola virus
- Entamoeba histolytica
- Escherichia coli O 157
- Francisella tularensis
- Giardia lamblia
- Guanarito virus
- Haemophilus influenzae (invasive)
- Hanta virus
- Hepatitis A
- Hepatitis B
- Hepatitis C
- Hepatitis D
- Hepatitis E
- Influenza virus
- Junin virus
- Kyasanur Forest disease virus
- Lassa virus
- Legionella spp
- Leptospira interrogans
- Listeria monocytogenes
- Machupo virus
- Marburg virus
- Measles virus
- Monkeypox virus
- Mumps virus
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex
- Neisseria meningitidis
- Omsk haemorrhagic fever virus
- Plasmodium falciparum
- Plasmodium knowlesi
- Plasmodium malariae
- Plasmodium ovale
- Plasmodium vivax
- Polio virus
- Rabies virus
- Rickettsia spp
- Rift Valley fever virus
- Rubella virus
- Sabia virus
- Salmonella spp
- SARS coronavirus
- Shigella spp
- Streptococcus group A (invasive)
- Streptococcus pneumoniae (invasive)
- Varicella zoster virus
- Variola virus
- Vibrio cholerae
- West Nile virus
- Yellow fever virus
- Yersinia pestis
Statutory notifications of causative agents, grouped by root organism
Totals for the current week compared to the previous 5.
| Week notification received | 2022/38 | 2022/39 | 2022/40 | 2022/41 | 2022/42 | 2022/43 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arboviruses | ||||||
| West Nile virus | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | - |
| Bacillus | ||||||
| Bacillus cereus | 19 | 16 | 8 | 13 | 23 | 19 |
| Bordetella | ||||||
| Bordetella pertussis | - | 1 | - | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| Borrelia | ||||||
| Borrelia burgdorferi | 23 | 22 | 24 | 19 | 8 | 11 |
| Borrelia sp | 3 | 1 | - | 2 | 28 | 5 |
| Borrelia tillae | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | - | - |
| Brucella | ||||||
| Brucella melitensis | - | - | - | 1 | - | 1 |
| Brucella sp | - | 1 | - | - | - | - |
| Burkholderia | ||||||
| Burkholderia pseudomallei | - | - | - | - | - | 1 |
| Campylobacter | ||||||
| Campylobacter coli | 21 | 25 | 41 | 47 | 30 | 25 |
| Campylobacter fetus | - | - | 1 | - | 1 | - |
| Campylobacter gracilis | - | 1 | - | - | - | 1 |
| Campylobacter jejuni | 229 | 266 | 258 | 228 | 289 | 224 |
| Campylobacter other named | 1 | - | - | 2 | - | - |
| Campylobacter rectus | 1 | - | - | - | 1 | - |
| Campylobacter sp | 752 | 788 | 1,554 | 822 | 1,023 | 830 |
| Campylobacter upsaliensis | - | - | 1 | 1 | 3 | - |
| Campylobacter ureolyticus (bacteroides corrodens) | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | 1 | - |
| Chikungunya virus | ||||||
| Chikungunya virus | 2 | 1 | - | 2 | - | 1 |
| Clostridium | ||||||
| Clostridium perfringens | 25 | 33 | 30 | 22 | 30 | 22 |
| Coronavirus | ||||||
| Coronavirus | 9 | 19 | 10 | 18 | 26 | 12 |
| SARS coronavirus | - | - | - | 1 | - | - |
| SARS-CoV-2 antibody indeterminate | 47 | 111 | 73 | 104 | 137 | 113 |
| SARS-CoV-2 antibody void | 9 | 6 | 11 | 32 | 9 | 12 |
| SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (COVID-19) | 42,255 | 51,755 | 61,544 | 55,388 | 46,834 | 32,230 |
| SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (COVID-19) indeterminate | 465 | 508 | 589 | 732 | 618 | 346 |
| SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody negative | 270 | 356 | 366 | 339 | 319 | 293 |
| SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody positive | 1,647 | 1,185 | 1,223 | 1,786 | 1,707 | 1,326 |
| SARS-CoV-2 total antibody negative | 442 | 503 | 475 | 557 | 679 | 334 |
| SARS-CoV-2 total antibody positive | 1,753 | 1,516 | 1,486 | 1,672 | 1,916 | 1,003 |
| Corynebacterium | ||||||
| Corynebacterium diphtheriae | 10 | 1 | 3 | - | 4 | 4 |
| Corynebacterium ulcerans | 2 | 1 | - | - | - | - |
| Cryptosporidium | ||||||
| Cryptosporidium hominis | 56 | 70 | 61 | 43 | 43 | 8 |
| Cryptosporidium meleagridis | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | - |
| Cryptosporidium parvum | 36 | 49 | 46 | 33 | 34 | 12 |
| Cryptosporidium sp | 52 | 50 | 73 | 32 | 85 | 76 |
| Entamoeba | ||||||
| Entamoeba histolytica | 2 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 1 | - |
| Escherichia | ||||||
| Escherichia coli O 157 | 33 | 23 | 15 | 18 | 11 | 12 |
| Flaviviruses | ||||||
| Dengue virus | 5 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 5 | - |
| Giardia | ||||||
| Giardia lamblia | 4 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Haemophilus | ||||||
| Haemophilus influenzae | 30 | 33 | 45 | 50 | 54 | 42 |
| Hepatitis viruses | ||||||
| Hepatitis A | 24 | 13 | 18 | 22 | 35 | 16 |
| Hepatitis B | 181 | 201 | 175 | 155 | 433 | 212 |
| Hepatitis C | 256 | 305 | 285 | 283 | 256 | 241 |
| Hepatitis D | 3 | 6 | 4 | 13 | 4 | 3 |
| Hepatitis E | 25 | 29 | 35 | 25 | 23 | 22 |
| Influenza virus | ||||||
| Influenza A | 320 | 447 | 609 | 819 | 1,263 | 1,227 |
| Influenza B | 24 | 45 | 64 | 92 | 107 | 99 |
| Influenza indeterminate | - | 1 | 10 | 4 | 5 | 3 |
| Influenza ungrouped | 10 | 18 | 16 | 23 | 32 | 58 |
| Legionella | ||||||
| Legionella other named | 1 | 2 | - | - | - | - |
| Legionella pneumophila | 14 | 7 | 8 | 10 | 3 | 2 |
| Legionella sp | 1 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 2 |
| Listeria | ||||||
| Listeria monocytogenes | 2 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 1 |
| Mycobacterium | ||||||
| Mycobacterium tuberculosis | 37 | 58 | 75 | 42 | 230 | 42 |
| Neisseria | ||||||
| Neisseria meningitidis | 5 | 9 | 11 | 10 | 11 | 9 |
| Orthopoxvirus | ||||||
| Monkeypox virus | 25 | 25 | 20 | 13 | 10 | 5 |
| Paramyxoviruses | ||||||
| Measles virus | 2 | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Mumps virus | 2 | 50 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 7 |
| Plasmodium | ||||||
| Plasmodium falciparum | 2 | 12 | 10 | 3 | - | 23 |
| Plasmodium malariae | - | 1 | - | - | - | - |
| Plasmodium ovale | - | 1 | - | - | - | 1 |
| Plasmodium vivax | - | 1 | - | - | - | 1 |
| Polyomavirus | ||||||
| Polyomavirus BK | 46 | 52 | 38 | 56 | 45 | 65 |
| Polyomavirus JC | 3 | 8 | 5 | 12 | 6 | 5 |
| Rickettsia | ||||||
| Rickettsia spotted fever | - | 1 | - | - | - | - |
| Rubella virus | ||||||
| Rubella virus | 1 | 7 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 6 |
| Salmonella | ||||||
| Other salmonellas | 68 | 82 | 50 | 50 | 34 | 27 |
| Salmonella agona | - | - | 6 | - | - | - |
| Salmonella chester | - | 6 | - | - | - | - |
| Salmonella enteritidis | 79 | 68 | 71 | 68 | 30 | 11 |
| Salmonella infantis | 9 | 8 | 5 | 8 | - | - |
| Salmonella java | - | - | - | 5 | - | - |
| Salmonella kentucky | 5 | 7 | - | 5 | - | - |
| Salmonella mbandaka | - | - | - | 5 | 7 | - |
| Salmonella newport | 8 | 5 | 7 | 6 | - | - |
| Salmonella oranienburg | 6 | - | - | - | - | - |
| Salmonella saint-paul | 9 | - | - | - | - | - |
| Salmonella sp | 27 | 20 | 33 | 30 | 85 | 129 |
| Salmonella thompson | 5 | - | - | - | - | - |
| Salmonella typhi and paratyphi | 24 | 24 | 10 | 17 | 6 | 8 |
| Salmonella typhimurium | 70 | 65 | 53 | 41 | 17 | 18 |
| Salmonella virchow | 7 | 7 | 5 | - | - | - |
| Salmonella enterica | - | - | 5 | - | - | - |
| Shigella | ||||||
| Shigella boydii | 1 | 3 | - | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Shigella dysenteriae | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | - |
| Shigella flexneri | 10 | 13 | 16 | 11 | 8 | 7 |
| Shigella sonnei | 16 | 27 | 20 | 35 | 40 | 18 |
| Shigella sp | 50 | 40 | 34 | 35 | 127 | 52 |
| Streptococcus | ||||||
| Streptococcus group A | 47 | 39 | 58 | 55 | 56 | 44 |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | 55 | 81 | 93 | 97 | 115 | 85 |
| Vibrio | ||||||
| Vibrio cholerae | 1 | - | 2 | - | 1 | - |
Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE)*
Please note: the numbers presented here do not include specimens that have been referred to the AMRHAI Reference Unit.
| Week notification received | 2022/38 | 2022/39 | 2022/40 | 2022/41 | 2022/42 | 2022/43 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Citrobacter | ||||||||
| Citrobacter spp | IMP | - | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | |
| KPC | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | - | ||
| NDM | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | - | ||
| OXA48 | 1 | - | 3 | - | 1 | - | ||
| Enterobacter | ||||||||
| Enterobacter cloacae complex | IMP | - | 1 | - | 1 | 2 | - | |
| KPC | 3 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | ||
| NDM | - | - | 4 | 3 | 2 | - | ||
| OXA48 | 3 | 1 | 3 | - | - | - | ||
| VIM | - | - | - | - | 1 | - | ||
| Other | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | - | - | ||
| Other enterobacter spp | IMP | - | - | - | - | 1 | - | |
| KPC | - | - | 1 | 1 | - | - | ||
| Escherichia | ||||||||
| Escherichia coli | IMP | - | 2 | - | - | - | - | |
| KPC | 1 | 7 | 2 | 5 | 1 | - | ||
| NDM | 11 | 10 | 7 | 4 | 5 | 1 | ||
| OXA48 | 9 | 14 | 7 | 6 | 10 | 3 | ||
| VIM | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | ||
| Other | 1 | 2 | - | - | 2 | - | ||
| Escherichia hermannii | KPC | - | - | 1 | - | - | - | |
| NDM | 1 | - | - | - | 1 | - | ||
| Klebsiella | ||||||||
| Klebsiella oxytoca | IMP | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | - | |
| KPC | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | - | 1 | ||
| OXA48 | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | IMP | - | 1 | 2 | - | - | - | |
| KPC | 9 | 5 | 7 | 11 | - | 2 | ||
| NDM | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 4 | - | ||
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | OXA48 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 6 | 14 | 2 | |
| VIM | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| Other | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | - | ||
| Klebsiella variicola | OXA48 | - | - | - | - | 1 | 1 | |
| Other klebsiella spp | KPC | - | - | 1 | - | - | - | |
| Leclercia | ||||||||
| Leclercia adecarboxylata | KPC | - | - | 1 | - | - | - | |
| Morganella | ||||||||
| Morganella morganii | NDM | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Pantoea | ||||||||
| Pantoea septica | KPC | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | |
| Proteus | ||||||||
| Proteus mirabilis | VIM | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
| Providencia | ||||||||
| Providencia stuartii | VIM | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Serratia | ||||||||
| Serratia marcescens/ureilytica | KPC | - | 1 | - | - | - | - |
Other carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative organisms*
Please note: the numbers presented here do not include specimens that have been referred to the AMRHAI Reference Unit.
| Week notification received | 2022/38 | 2022/39 | 2022/40 | 2022/41 | 2022/42 | 2022/43 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acinetobacter | |||||||
| Acinetobacter baumannii | Other | - | - | - | 1 | - | - |
| Other acinetobacter spp | NDM | - | - | - | - | 1 | - |
| Pseudomonas | |||||||
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | IMP | - | - | - | - | 1 | - |
| NDM | 1 | - | - | - | 1 | - | |
| VIM | 1 | - | 1 | 2 | 3 | - | |
| Other | 1 | - | 4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | |
| Pseudomonas putida group | VIM | - | 1 | - | - | - | - |
| Other pseudomonas spp | IMP | - | - | - | - | 1 | - |
| Other | 1 | - | - | - | - | - |
*for all Carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative organisms, the reports are de-duplicated by first mention of organism species and resistance mechanism by person in a rolling 52-week period.