Safety of second life batteries in battery energy storage systems
An independent research report.
Documents
Details
This study was commissioned by the Office for Product Safety and Standards from Newcastle University. It starts with an overview of the market for second-life batteries. It reviews the hazards for lithium-ion batteries and the risks specific to second-life batteries, with a description of gateway testing and other mitigating measures. It then provides a detailed analysis of the relevant codes, standards and regulations, and considers best practice when using second-life batteries in battery energy storage systems (BESS). It was informed by input from representatives from over 30 organisations, including BESS and electric vehicle manufacturers and suppliers, industry associations, battery recyclers, research institutes, public and government bodies, product safety experts, and standards bodies.