Mathematics Written Examination Syllabus
Published 6 May 2014
1. Arithmetic
1.1 Expresses quantities in the form of a ratio, proportion or percentage
- Compares two quantities of the same kind by expressing one as a Ratio of the other.
- States that proportion is an equation of ratios.
- States that percentage is a ratio multiplied by 100.
- Expresses fractional and decimal quantities in the form of a percentage.
- Expresses an increase or gain as a percentage.
- Expresses a decrease or contraction as a percentage.
- Expresses an error as a percentage.
- Solves problems related to 1.1.1 to 1.1.7.
- Understands similarity and proportion; simple objects to scale (length, area, volume and mass).
- Understands rates, averages, proportional rates of doing work and cost.
- Understands concepts such as “man hours”, “kWh”, etc.
- Solves problems related to 1.1.9 to 1.1.11.
2. Algebra
2.1 Uses the rules of Algebra and solves associated problems
- Represents quantities by numbers, letters and symbols.
- Adds algebraic quantities, both positive and negative.
- Subtracts algebraic quantities, both positive and negative.
- States the effect of plus or minus signs in front of a bracketed quantity or quantities.
- States the effect of the plus or minus signs in the multiplication and division of quantities.
- Defines the term index (power).
- States what is meant by fractional, negative and zero indices.
- States the rules for addition, subtraction and product of indices.
- Solves problems related to 2.1.6, 2.1.7 and 2.1.8.
- States the ‘Law of Distribution’.
- States the product of two binomial expressions.
- States the square of a binomial expression (a ± b)2.
- States the product of the sum and difference of two algebraic quantities (a + b) (a - b).
- Expands (a ± b)3 and factors of a3 + b3.
- Solves problems involving the multiplication and division of polynomial expressions by binomial expressions.
- Factorises expressions which have one factor consisting of one term only.
- Factorises expressions of four terms which can be expressed as the product of two binomials.
- Factorises expressions of the type ax2 + bx + c, where a, b and c have numerical values, including both:
- cases when a is equal to 1;
- cases when a is not equal to 1.
- Factorises trinomials which form a perfect square.
- Factorises the difference of two squares.
- Solves problems involving the addition and subtraction of algebraic fractions.
- Solves problems involving the multiplication and division of algebraic fractions (both 2.1.21 and 2.1.22 to be limited to polynomials no greater than binomial expressions).
- Defines an equation as a statement of equality.
- Simplifies and solves linear equations.
- Understands the axioms:
- if equal quantities be added to two quantities that are already equal, the results will be equal;
- if equal quantities be subtracted from two quantities that are already equal, the remainders will be equal;
- equal quantities when multiplied or divided by the same quantity will give results that are equal.
- Solves problems on the transposition of algebraic expressions.
- Develops linear equations consistent with data provided in a question, and finds the solution to these equations.
- Solves linear simultaneous equations of two unknowns:
- by the method of substitution;
- by the method of elimination.
- Solves linear simultaneous equations of three unknowns.
- Develops linear simultaneous equations of two unknowns consistent with data provided in a question, and finds the solution to those equations.
- States what is meant by the roots of a quadratic equation.
- Solves quadratic equations that factorise.
- States the general formula for solution of a quadratic ax2 + bx + c = 0.
- Solves quadratic equations using the general formula.
- Solves simultaneous equations of two unknowns consisting of linear and quadratic equations.
- Describes direct and inverse variation.
- Describes the use of the constant of variation.
- Solves problems involving 2.1.35 and 2.1.36.
3. Logarithms
3.1 Uses logarithms to under take simple calculations (not directly examinable but such knowledge will be assumed)
- Defines logarithms.
- States laws of logarithms.
- Uses laws of logarithms to evaluate powers etc.
- States base of natural logarithms.
- Evaluates expressions involving natural logarithms.
4. Graphs
4.1 Discusses the graphic representations of numerical quantities
- States that graph axis are abscissa and ordinate, and indicates their positions.
- Defines the dependent and independent variables.
- Identifies the axis on which the dependent and independent variables are plotted.
- Determines plotting points, having been given or having calculated x and y values.
- Determines suitable scales for plotting values calculated at 4.1.4.
- Plots linear and non-linear graphs (scales to be given in examination).
- States that for a linear graph, only two plotting points are required.
- States that plotting points may be given in the form: x = 1, y = 2, or (1,2).
- States that the law of a straight line graph is of the form: y = ax + b, and defines a and b.
- Writes the equation y = aX2 + b in the form of a straight line.
- Solves graphically problems of the form pVn = C, where n is unknown.
- States that two simultaneous equations plotted as graphs on the same axis have solutions where the graphs intersect.
- States that the solution to a quadratic equation is given by the points where the graph of the quadratic equation crosses the x-axis, i.e. where y = 0.
- States that the solution to simultaneous quadratic equations is given by the points where the graphs of the equations intersect.
- Solves equations by graphical addition.
- Solves graphic problems of trigometric form no more complex than y = a sin mx + b cos nx, and finds the solution of simultaneous equations involving such graphs.
- Solves graphical problems of the form y = a tan mx.
5. Trigonometry
5.1 Discusses and uses the basic laws of trigonometry
- States that angles are measured in degrees or radians and relates the two.
- Defines acute, right, obtuse and reflex angles.
- Defines complementary angles and supplementary angles.
- Defines Sine, Cosine, Tangent, Secant, Cosecant, Cotangent and the relationships between them.
- Determines Sin, Cos and Tan from given right angled triangle.
- Reads values of Sin, Cos, Tan, Sec, Cosec and Cot for any angle between 0’ and 90’.
- Determines an angle from tables knowing its sin, cos, tan, sec, cosec or cot.
- Determines values of sin, etc, for angles 90’ - 360’ and also is able to obtain an angle (00 - 360’) knowing its sin, etc.
- States the theorem of Pythagoras.
- Solves right angled triangles for any side or angle.
- States the Sine Rule.
- States the Cosine Rule.
- Solves any triangle for any side or angle using the above rules.
6. Mensuration
6.1 Solves problems related to plane figures and solids
- States the formulae for the determination of the areas of a rectangle, parallelogram, triangle, polygon, trapezium, circle, annulus, ellipse, segment and sector.
- Determines the area of a triangle, given:
- all three sides;
- two sides and an included angle;
- the base and vertical height.
- Solves problems involving 6.1.1 and 6.1.2 to include the application of trigonometry and geometry as specified in previous objectives.
- Determines the mean height of a figure from area and length.
- States the formulae for determining the volume of a cube, oblong, cylinder, cone, square, pyramid and sphere.
- Determines masses of solids at 6.1.5.
- Determines the surface area of solids given at 6.1.5 (formulae for sphere to be given).
7. Calculus - differentiation
7.1 Discusses differential calculus and solves associated problems
- Determines the gradient of a chord.
- Discusses the concept of elemental lengths x and y.
- Discusses the meaning of the limiting value of δy/δx as X - 0, defining it as dy/dx.
- Derives the derivative of axn where n is +ve or -ve.
- Determines the derivatives of multinomial algebraic expressions.
- States the derivative of a constant.
- Discusses the concept of 2nd derivatives.
- Repeats 7.1.5 for 2nd derivatives.
- States the derivatives for sinx, cosx and lnx.
- Determines the 1st derivatives of functions involving.
- Discusses the concept of rate of change.
- Determines velocity from displacement-time functions and acceleration from velocity-time functions.
- States that at the turning point of a curve, the differential coefficient is zero.
- Discusses the concept of maximum and minimum.
- Identifies max/min values for examination of 2nd derivative.
- Determines the max and/or min volumes for given functions.
- Writes derivatives in terms of functional notation.
8. Calculus - integration
8.1 Discusses integral calculus and solves associated problems
- States that integration is the reverse of differentiation.
- Discusses the concept of the indefinite integral and the need for a constant.
- States the integral of axn where n 3≠ -1.
- Determines the integrals of multinomial algebraic expressions by applying 8.1.3.
- Determines the constant of integration from given conditions.
- Discusses the concept of limits.
- Repeats 8.1.4 and includes limits.
- States the integrals of sinx and cosx.
- Determines the integrals of functions involving 8.1.8.
- Discusses the concept of elemental summation to determine areas and volumes and relates this to integration.
- Determines areas and volumes by integration given the law of the boundary curve and limits.
- Derives expressions for the area under the curve, given by pVn = C.
- Solves problems relating to 8.1.12.