Guidance

Spotlight on sexually transmitted infections in Yorkshire and Humber: 2023 data

Updated 1 October 2024

Applies to England

Summary

While this report primarily focuses on the trend in STIs between 2022 and 2023, some trends relative to 2019 or earlier are included to provide a comparison to sexual health service provision and STI diagnoses prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. For England, the numbers of consultations, sexual health screens and STI diagnoses in 2020 and 2021 are lower than preceding years and any trends in diagnoses between 2021 and 2022 must be interpreted in that context. The increase in consultations delivered online or via telephone during and after the pandemic continued in 2023.

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) represent an important public health problem in Yorkshire and Humber. Out of all the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA)’s regions it has the fourth highest rate of new STIs in England. A data reporting issue from Leeds means that some data has been suppressed in this report and other figures may change in future publications.

A total of 32,364 new STIs were diagnosed in Yorkshire and Humber residents in 2023, representing a rate of 584 diagnoses per 100,000 population. Rates by upper-tier local authority ranged from 331 new STI diagnoses per 100,000 population in North Yorkshire to 751 new STI diagnoses per 100,000 population in North East Lincolnshire.

The number of new STIs diagnosed in Yorkshire and Humber residents decreased by 3% between 2022 and 2023. However, numbers and rates of all STIs have not declined consistently. Changes were seen in the number of diagnoses for the 5 major STIs:

• syphilis increased by 5%

• gonorrhoea decreased by 10%

• chlamydia decreased by 9%

• genital herpes increased by 8%

• genital warts increased by 10%

The overall reduction in gonorrhoea diagnoses is an encouraging reversal of the rise in numbers seen between 2021 and 2022, notably for younger age groups (15 to 24 years) where the relative decline in 2023 is most marked. Rates of new STIs vary somewhat between men and women (541 and 589 per 100,000 residents, respectively).

UKHSA recommends that local areas should be working towards achieving a chlamydia detection rate no lower than 3,250 per 100,000 among women aged 15 to 24 years and this is an indicator in the Public Health Outcomes Framework. In 2023, the chlamydia detection rate among women aged 15 to 24 years in Yorkshire and Humber was 982 per 100,000 residents.

Where gender and sexual orientation are known, gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) account for 18% of Yorkshire and Humber residents diagnosed with a new STI (excluding chlamydia diagnoses reported via CTAD); 69% of those diagnosed with syphilis and 35% of those diagnosed with gonorrhoea. For GBMSM, diagnoses of gonorrhoea in 2023 remained similar to the number in 2022, not reflecting the trend in diagnoses seen for all Yorkshire and Humber residents. If these trends persist into 2024, they may require further investigation.  

STIs disproportionately affect young people. Yorkshire and Humber residents aged between 15 and 24 years accounted for 51% of all new STI diagnoses in 2023. A steep decline (79% decrease) has been seen between 2019 and 2023 in genital warts diagnosis rates in females and males aged 15 to 19 years. This follows the introduction in 2008 of vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV), the virus which causes genital warts, for girls and extension of this programme in boys in 2019.

Although the white ethnic group has the highest number of new STI diagnoses in Yorkshire and Humber (21,345, 81.6%) the rate in this group is lower than for other ethnic groups. The rate of STIs in black Caribbean ethnic group is the highest in the region: 1,447 per 100,000, reflecting a rate 3.2 times higher than that seen in the white ethnic group. Certain ethnic minority groups are known to have greater sexual health needs – see Sexually transmitted infections and screening for chlamydia in England: 2023 report.

Where country of birth was known, 88% of Yorkshire and Humber residents diagnosed with a new STI in 2023 (excluding chlamydia diagnoses reported via CTAD) were UK-born.

Deprivation remains strongly associated with rates of STIs in Yorkshire and Humber. The rate of new STIs among people who lived in the most deprived areas (734 per 100,000) was 2.1 times higher than the rate for people who live in the least deprived areas (355 per 100,000).

Conclusion

The number of consultations at sexual health services (SHS) has continued to recover following the disruption of services during the COVID-19 pandemic. In Yorkshire and Humber the number of consultations in 2023 surpassed the number in 2019 (348,884 in 2023 compared to 299,001 in 2019), with online and telephone consultations making up almost half of this number (172,101).

Overall, Yorkshire and Humber had the fourth highest rate of STIs in England (584.1 per 100,000) in 2023. The number of STI diagnoses represents a 14% decrease from 2019 and a 3% decrease from 2022, primarily driven by a fall in the number of chlamydia diagnoses (−20% between 2019 and 2023). Despite the overall fall in the rate of chlamydia, the number of diagnoses in GBMSM remains similar to 2019 (1,005 in 2023, and 1,007 in 2019). This may demonstrate a lack of testing in other groups or an increase in testing amongst GBMSM.

In Yorkshire and Humber, between 2022 and 2023 the rate of gonorrhoea decreased by 10%, however this still represents a 35% increase from pre-pandemic levels in 2019. Diagnoses of gonorrhoea have similarly increased in GBMSM (27% increase between 2019 and 2023), which is reflective of national trends. Diagnoses of syphilis increased by 5% in 2023 compared to 2022 and should be monitored for potential opportunities for intervention should these trends persist.

The highest rates of new diagnoses per 100,000 were seen in females aged 20 and 24 years and the black Caribbean ethnicity group. These groups may benefit from targeted health promotion messaging.

Within Yorkshire and Humber, North East Lincolnshire local authority has the highest rate of new STI diagnoses, with a rate higher than both the Yorkshire and Humber and England averages (751 per 100,000, 524 per 100,000 and 704 per 100,000, respectively). 

UKHSA’s main messages

Commissioners and providers of SHSs have an important role in communicating messages about safer sexual behaviours and how to access services. Main prevention messages include:

• using condoms consistently and correctly protects against HIV and other STIs such as chlamydia, gonorrhoea, and syphilis – condoms can also be used to prevent unplanned pregnancy
• regular screening for STIs and HIV is essential to maintain good sexual health – everyone should have an STI screen, including an HIV test, on at least an annual basis if having condomless sex with new or casual partners – and in addition
  • women, and other people with a womb and ovaries, aged under 25 years who are sexually active should have a chlamydia test annually and on change of sexual partner
  • gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) should have tests for HIV and STIs annually or every 3 months if having condomless sex with new or casual partners
• HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is available for free from specialist SHSs and can be used to reduce an individual’s risk of acquiring HIV
• HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) can be used to reduce the risk of acquiring HIV following some sexual exposures – PEP is available for free from most specialist SHSs and most emergency departments
• people living with diagnosed HIV who are on treatment and have an undetectable viral load are unable to pass on the infection to others during sex – this is known as ‘Undetectable=Untransmittable’ or ‘U=U’
• vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis A and hepatitis B will protect against disease caused by these viruses and prevent the spread of these infections
  • GBMSM can obtain the hepatitis A and hepatitis B vaccines from specialist SHSs – these vaccines are also available for other people at high risk of exposure to the viruses
  • GBMSM aged up to and including 45 years can obtain the HPV vaccine from specialist SHSs
• specialist sexual health services are free and confidential and offer testing and treatment for HIV and STIs, condoms, vaccination, HIV PrEP and PEP
  • clinic-based services are commissioned for residents of all areas in England
  • online self-sampling for HIV and STIs is widely available
  • information and advice about sexual health including how to access services is available at Sexual health services and from the national sexual health helpline on 0300 123 7123

  Charts, tables and maps

Figure 1. New STI diagnosis rates by UKHSA region of residence, England, 2023

Data sources: GUMCAD, CTAD

Figure 1 is a bar chart showing that London reported the highest rate of new STI diagnoses per 100,000 population in 2023, followed by the North West and North East. Yorkshire and Humber has the fourth highest rate (584.1 per 100,000). Due to a reporting issue for Leeds, total numbers of new STIs for Yorkshire and Humber may be revised for future publications.

Figure 2. Number of diagnoses of the 5 main STIs, Yorkshire and Humber residents, 2019 to 2023

Data sources: GUMCAD, CTAD

Note 1: It is important to consider whether there have been any changes to testing or vaccination practices when interpreting increases or decreases in STIs:

• any increase in gonorrhoea diagnoses may be due to the increased use of highly sensitive nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) and additional screening of extra-genital sites in GBMSM

• any decrease in genital wart diagnoses may be due to a moderately protective effect of HPV-16/18 vaccination.

• any increase in genital herpes diagnoses may be due to the use of more sensitive NAATs

• increases or decreases may also reflect changes in testing practices

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Figure 2 is a line graph which shows that of the 5 STIs presented, the number of diagnoses of gonorrhoea have increased most substantially over the 5 year period from 2019 to 2023 (from 4,412 to 5,941). The number of syphilis diagnoses have also increased (340 to 472). Chlamydia diagnoses have declined notably over the 5 year period (decreasing from 21,611 to 17,233). There has also been a decrease in the number of genital warts and genital herpes diagnosis.

Figure 3. Diagnosis rates of the 5 main STIs, Yorkshire and Humber residents, 2019 to 2023

Data sources: GUMCAD, CTAD

See note 1

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Figure 3 is a line graph showing that the diagnosis rate per 100,000 over the previous 5 years mirrors the trends in Figure 2. An increase in rate between 2019 and 2023 can be seen in gonorrhoea and syphilis (80.7 per 100,000 to 107.2 and 6.2 per 100,000 to 8.5 respectively). There were declines in the rate of diagnoses for chlamydia, genital warts and genital herpes.

Table 1. Percentage change in new STI diagnoses, Yorkshire and Humber residents

Diagnoses	2023	Percentage change 2019 to 2023	Percentage change 2022 to 2023
New STIs	32,364	−14%	−3%
Syphilis	472	39%	5%
Gonorrhoea	5,941	35%	−10%
Genital Warts	2,271	−44%	10%
Genital Herpes	2,336	−17%	8%
Chlamydia	17,233	−20%	−9%

Data sources: GUMCAD, CTAD

See note 1

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Table 1 shows that between 2022 and 2023 total, new STI diagnoses decreased by 3%. Percentage changes between 2022 and 2023 for each STI were varied, with the greatest increase being 10% for genital warts and the greatest decrease being 10% for gonorrhoea. Due to a reporting issue for Leeds, total numbers of new STIs for Yorkshire and Humber may be revised for future publications.

Over the 5 year period from 2019 to 2023 there have been more substantial changes. Notable increases were seen in the number of diagnosis of syphilis and gonorrhoea (+39% and +35%) Genital warts diagnoses decreased by 44%. It is important to note the impact of COVID-19 on sexual health services and individuals behaviour during this time period.

Figure 4. Rates of new STIs per 100,000 Yorkshire and Humber residents by age group (for those aged 15 to 64 years only) and gender, 2023

Data sources: GUMCAD, CTAD

Figure 4 is a bar chart which shows that rates of new STIs per 100,000 population in Yorkshire and Humber in 2023 were highest in those aged 24 years and under. Females aged 20 to 24 years reported the highest rate of new STIs. Due to a reporting issue for Leeds, total numbers of new STIs for Yorkshire and Humber may be revised for future publications.

Figure 5. Rates of gonorrhoea per 100,000 residents by age group [note 2] (for those aged 15 to 64 years only) in Yorkshire and Humber, 2019 to 2023

Data sources: GUMCAD

Note 2: Age-specific rates are shown for those aged 15 to 64 years only.

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Figure 5 is a line graph which shows that between 2019 and 2023, rates of gonorrhoea per 100,000 have increased across all age groups. The most notable increases are in the 20 to 24 and 15 to 19 years age groups.

Figure 6. Rates of genital warts per 100,000 residents aged 15 to 19 years by gender in Yorkshire and Humber, 2019 to 2023

Data sources: GUMCAD

Figure 6 is a line graph which shows that the rates of genital warts per 100,000 are similar in males and females and have remained stable and low since 2020 and are currently 15.9 per 100,000 in males and 13.1 per 100,000 in females.

Figure 7. Rates of new STIs by ethnic group per 100,000 residents in Yorkshire and Humber, 2023

Data sources: GUMCAD, CTAD

Figure 7 is a bar chart which shows that the rate of new STIs per 100,000 is highest in the black Caribbean ethnicity at 1,446.9 per 100,000 population. The second highest is black African at 1,275.5 per 100,000. Due to a reporting issue for Leeds, total numbers of new STIs for Yorkshire and Humber may be revised for future publications.

Table 2. Percentage of Yorkshire and Humber residents diagnosed with a new STI by ethnic group, 2023

Ethnic group	Number	Percentage (excluding unknown)
All other ethnic groups combined	3,447	13.2%
Black African	1,032	3.9%
Black Caribbean	329	1.3%
White	21,345	81.6%
Unknown	6,211

Data sources: GUMCAD, CTAD

Table 2 shows that of the 26,153 new STI diagnoses where the ethnic group was provided, the majority were in people of white ethnicity, followed by all other ethnic groups combined (81.6% and 13.2% respectively). Ethnicity was not recorded for 6,211 new diagnoses, highlighting the need to improve the collection of ethnicity data.

Figure 8. Percentage of Yorkshire and Humber residents diagnosed with a new STI by world region of birth [note 3], 2023

Data sources: GUMCAD data only

Note 3: Data on country of birth is not collected by CTAD. All information about world region of birth is based on diagnoses made in specialist and non-specialist services which report to GUMCAD.

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Figure 8 is a bar chart which shows that the majority (88%) of those diagnosed with a new STI in 2023 were born in the UK. Due to a reporting issue for Leeds, total numbers of new STIs for Yorkshire and Humber may be revised for future publications.

Figure 9. Rates of new STIs per 100,000 residents by decile of deprivation [note 4] in Yorkshire and Humber residents, 2023

Data sources: GUMCAD, CTAD

Note 4: Deciles run from 1 to 10 in order of decreasing deprivation, with 1 being the decile for the most deprived area.

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Figure 9 is a bar chart which shows that the rate of new STI diagnoses per 100,000 decreases with the decile of deprivation. Those in decile 1 have the highest rate of new STI diagnoses at 734 per 100,000, whilst those in decile 10 have the lowest rate of 355 per 100,000. Due to a reporting issue for Leeds, total numbers of new STIs for Yorkshire and Humber may be revised for future publications.

Figure 10. Diagnoses of the 5 main STIs among GBMSM [note 5], Yorkshire and Humber residents, 2019 to 2023

Data sources: GUMCAD data only

Note 5: Data on sexual orientation is not collected by CTAD. All information about GBMSM is based on diagnoses made in specialist and non-specialist services which report to GUMCAD and exclude chlamydia diagnoses via online services.

Note 6: It is important to consider whether there have been any changes to testing or vaccination practices when interpreting increases or decreases in STIs:

• increases in gonorrhoea may be due to the increased use of highly sensitive nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) and additional screening of extra-genital sites in GBMSM

• decreases in genital wart diagnoses may be due to the moderately protective effect of HPV-16/18 vaccination

• increases in genital herpes diagnoses may be due to the use of more sensitive NAATs

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Figure 10 is a line graph which shows that the trend in numbers of each main STI for GBMSM between 2019 and 2023 has been varied. Gonorrhoea diagnoses in GBMSM has increased from 1,316 in 2019 to 1,672 in 2023. The number of diagnoses of chlamydia, syphilis, genital warts and genital herpes have remained relatively stable.

Table 3. Percentage change in new STI diagnoses in GBMSM [note 5 and 6] residents in Yorkshire and Humber

Diagnoses	2023	Percentage change 2019 to 2023	Percentage change 2022 to 2023
New STIs	3,535	10%	5%
Syphilis	266	15%	−13%
Gonorrhoea	1,672	27%	1%
Genital Warts	110	−48%	33%
Genital Herpes	103	21%	2%
Chlamydia	1,005	0%	5%

Data sources: GUMCAD data only

Table 3 shows that between 2019 and 2023 the number of new STI diagnoses in GBMSM has increased by 10%. The number of new syphilis, gonorrhoea and genital herpes diagnoses have increased while the number of genital warts diagnoses have decreased.

Compared to 2022, the number of new STI diagnoses has increased by 5%. The most significant changes are in the number of genital warts diagnoses (+33%) and syphilis diagnoses (−13%).

Figure 11a. Rate of new STI diagnoses per 100,000 population by upper-tier local authority of residence, Yorkshire and Humber residents, 2023

Data sources: GUMCAD, CTAD

Figure 11a is a bar chart showing that the regional rate of new STI diagnoses for Yorkshire and Humber is 524 per 100,000. This is lower than the England rate of 704 per 100,000. North East Lincolnshire has a higher rate than both the Yorkshire and Humber and England rates (751 per 100,000). Leeds data has been excluded from this graph and the regional rate calculation due to a data reporting issue.

Figure 11b. Rate of new STI diagnoses (excluding chlamydia diagnoses in residents aged under 25 years) per 100,000 population by upper-tier local authority of residence, Yorkshire and Humber, 2023

Data sources: GUMCAD, CTAD

Note 7: Prior to 2023, this figure showed rates for the population aged 15 to 64 years, excluding chlamydia in those aged 15 to 24 years.

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Figure 11b is a bar chart showing that, excluding chlamydia diagnoses in residents under 25 years of age, the regional rate of new STI diagnoses for Yorkshire and Humber is 358 per 100,000. This is lower than the England rate of 520 per 100,000. Within Yorkshire and Humber, excluding Leeds data, City of Kingston upon Hull has the highest rate (489 per 100,000). Leeds data has been excluded from this graph and the regional rate calculation due to a data reporting issue.

Figure 12. Chlamydia detection rate per 100,000 female residents aged 15 to 24 years by upper-tier local authority of residence, Yorkshire and Humber, 2023

Data sources: GUMCAD, CTAD

Note 8: Prior to 2023, this figure showed rates for the whole population aged 15 to 24 years, regardless of gender.

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Figure 12 is a bar chart showing that the chlamydia rate per 100,000 in female residents aged between 15 and 24, is highest in North East Lincolnshire, followed by North Lincolnshire and Leeds (4,777, 3,529 and 3,167 per 100,000 respectively).

Figure 13. Rate of gonorrhoea diagnoses per 100,000 population by upper-tier local authority of residence, Yorkshire and Humber residents, 2023

Data sources: GUMCAD

Figure 13 is a bar chart showing that the gonorrhoea rate per 100,000 is highest in Leeds, followed by Sheffield and Kirklees (188, 135 and 117 per 100,000 respectively).

Figure 14. Map of new STI rates per 100,000 residents by upper-tier local authority in Yorkshire and Humber, 2023

Data sources: GUMCAD, CTAD. Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right 2022. Contains National Statistics data © Crown copyright and database right 2022.

Figure 14 is map showing the rate of new STIs per 100,000 is highest in North East Lincolnshire (751 per 100,000). Leeds data has been excluded from this graph due to a data reporting issue.

Figure 15. Map of new STI rates per 100,000 residents by middle super output area (MSOA) in Yorkshire and Humber, 2023

Data sources: GUMCAD, CTAD

Figure 15 is map showing the rate of new STIs per 100,000 in each MSOA. Leeds data has been excluded from this graph due to a data reporting issue.

Figure 16. STI testing rate (excluding chlamydia in under 25 year olds) per 100,000 population in Yorkshire and Humber residents aged 15 to 64 years, 2019 to 2023

Data sources: GUMCAD, CTAD

Figure 16 is line graph showing that the rate of STI testing per 100,000, excluding chlamydia in under 25 year olds, has increased similarly in England and Yorkshire and Humber between 2012 and 2023. Both show a decline in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Figure 17. STI testing positivity rate [note 9] (excluding chlamydia in under 25 year olds) in Yorkshire and Humber residents, 2019 to 2023

Data sources: GUMCAD, CTAD

Note 9: The numerator for the STI testing positivity rate now only includes infections which are also included in the denominator. These are:

• chlamydia (excluding diagnoses in those aged under 25 years)
• gonorrhoea
• syphilis
• HIV

(Up to 2018 (data for 2017) it included all new STIs).

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Figure 17 is line graph showing that STI positivity, excluding chlamydia in under 25 year olds, has increased similarly in England and Yorkshire and Humber between 2012 and 2023. Both show a decline in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to a reporting issue at Leeds laboratory the 2023 Yorkshire and Humber data point in excluded.

Table 4. Number of diagnoses of new STIs by UKHSA region of residence, data source and data subset 2023

UKHSA region of residence	GUMCAD specialist SHSs	GUMCAD non-specialist SHSs [note 10]	CTAD [note 11]	Total
East Midlands	14,758	8,212	5,029	27,999
East of England	18,062	4,855	7,409	30,326
London	87,279	12,689	28,444	128,412
North East	11,007	2,045	2,743	15,795
North West	35,993	4,742	11,742	52,477
South East	31,875	2,495	11,671	46,041
South West	17,956	3,944	6,017	27,917
West Midlands	20,031	4,588	5,183	29,802
Yorkshire and Humber	21,991	2,478	7,895	32,364

Data sources: GUMCAD, CTAD

Note 10: Diagnoses from enhanced GPs reporting to GUMCAD are included in the ‘Non-specialist sexual health services (SHSs)’ total.

Note 11: Including site type 12 chlamydia from GUMCAD.

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Table 4 shows that London reported the largest number of new STI diagnoses (128,412), followed by the North West and South East (52,477 and 46,041 respectively)

Table 5. Number of diagnoses of the 5 main STIs in Yorkshire and Humber by STI, data source and data subset 2023

Five main STIs	GUMCAD specialist SHSs	GUMCAD non-specialist SHSs [note 12]	CTAD [note 13]	Total
Chlamydia	8,321	1,017	7,895	17,233
Genital Herpes	2,314	22		2,336
Genital Warts	2,249	22		2,271
Gonorrhoea	4,579	1,362		5,941
Syphilis	472	0		472

Data sources: GUMCAD, CTAD

Note 12: Diagnoses from enhanced GPs reporting to GUMCAD are included in the ‘Non-specialist sexual health services (SHSs)’ total.

Note 13: Including site type 12 chlamydia from GUMCAD.

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Table 5 shows that all syphilis diagnosis were made by specialist SHS as were the majority of all other STI diagnoses. Chlamydia and gonorrhoea diagnoses were the most common STI diagnoses made in non-specialist SHS.

Figure 18. Consultations by service medium: Yorkshire and Humber residents, 2019 to 2023

Data sources: GUMCAD

Figure 18 is a bar chart which shows that between 2019 and 2023 the main medium of consultation has changed. Overall, there were more consultations in 2023 than in 2019 (299,001 in 2019 and 348,884 in 2023). However, the number of face-to-face consultations has reduced by 36% whilst the number of online and telephone consultations has increased by 633%. This may be due to a change in preferences or due to limited availability of face-to-face appointments following the COVID-19 pandemic.

Information on data sources

Find more information on local sexual health data sources in the UKHSA guide.

This report is based on data from the GUMCAD and CTAD surveillance systems published on 6 June 2024 (data to the end of calendar year 2023).

GUMCAD surveillance system

This disaggregate reporting system collects information about attendances and diagnoses at specialist (Level 3) and non-specialist (Level 2) sexual health services. Information about the patient’s area of residence is collected along with demographic data and other variables. GUMCAD superseded the earlier KC60 system and can provide data from 2009 onwards. GUMCAD is the main source of data for this report.

Due to limits on how much personally identifiable information sexual health clinics are able to share, it is not possible to deduplicate between different clinics. There is a possibility that some patients may be counted more than once if they are diagnosed with the same infection (for infection specific analyses) or a new STI of any type (for new STI analyses) at different clinics during the same calendar year.

CTAD surveillance system

CTAD collects data on all NHS and local authority or NHS-commissioned chlamydia testing carried out in England. CTAD is comprised of all chlamydia (NAATs) tests for all ages (with the exception of conjunctival samples), from all venues and for all reasons. CTAD enables unified, comprehensive reporting of all chlamydia data, to effectively monitor the impact of the NCSP through estimation of the coverage of population screening, proportion of all tests that are positive and detection rates.

For services which report to GUMCAD and for which CTAD does not receive data on the patient’s area of residence (for example, SHSs), information about chlamydia diagnoses is sourced from GUMCAD data.

CTAD does not collect information about sexual orientation or country of birth. Reports from CTAD are excluded from figures in this report which relate to analyses by sexual orientation or world region of birth.

New STIs

New STI diagnoses comprise diagnoses of:

• chancroid
• LGV
• donovanosis
• chlamydia
• gonorrhoea
• genital herpes (first episode)
• HIV (acute and AIDS defining)
• Molluscum contagiosum
• non-specific genital infection (NSGI)
• non-specific pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and epididymitis
• chlamydial PID and epididymitis (presented in chlamydia total)
• gonococcal PID and epididymitis (presented in gonorrhoea total)
• scabies
• pediculosis pubis
• syphilis (primary, secondary and early latent)
• trichomoniasis and genital warts (first episode)
• Mycoplasma genitalium
• shigella

Calculations

Confidence intervals were calculated using Byar’s method.

ONS mid-year population estimates for 2022 were used as a denominator for rates (other than by ethnic group) for 2023. ONS estimates of population by ethnic group for the year 2019 were used as a denominator for rates by ethnic group for 2023. This is the first time that new estimates of population by ethnic group have been available since 2011. This must be considered if comparing rates for 2023 in this report with rates by 2022 in last year’s report, as the rates in the last report used the 2011 estimates.

Further information

As of 2020, all analyses for this report include data from non-specialist (Level 2) SHSs and enhanced GP services as well as specialist (Level 3) SHSs.

For further information, access the online Sexual and Reproductive Health Profiles.

For more information on local sexual health data sources, see the UKHSA guide.

Local authorities have access to the Summary Profile of Local Authority Sexual Health (SPLASH) Reports (accessible from the Sexual and Reproductive Health Profiles) and the SPLASH supplement reports via the HIV and STI data exchange.

For an Annual Epidemiological Spotlight on HIV in Yorkshire and Humber, contact YHFS@ukhsa.gov.uk

About the Field Service

The Field Service (FS) was established in 2018 as a national service comprising geographically dispersed multi-disciplinary teams integrating expertise in field epidemiology, real-time syndromic surveillance and public health microbiology to strengthen the surveillance, intelligence and response functions of UKHSA.

You can contact your local FS team at YHFS@ukhsa.gov.uk

Acknowledgements

We would like to thank:

• local SHSs for supplying the SHS data
• local laboratories for supplying the CTAD data
• UKHSA Blood Safety, Hepatitis, Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) and HIV Division for collection, analysis and distribution of data