Accredited official statistics

Gram-negative, MRSA, MSSA bacteraemia and C. difficile infections, from December 2023 to December 2024: monthly data trends

Updated 5 March 2025

This bulletin provides a brief overview of all cases reported through the national mandatory surveillance of bacteraemia and C. difficile infections (CDI) for the latest month.

The UKHSA data dashboard presents supplementary monthly data visualisations of trends covering the latest 13-month period, with options to filter data by location. For longer term trends, detailed epidemiological commentaries covering the period from the beginning of surveillance onward are presented within the quarterly and annual reports, within this statistical series.

Main points

Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteraemia

In December 2024:

• overall, 3,427 E. coli bacteraemia cases were reported, a decrease of 0.7% when compared with the same month of the previous year (n=3,450)

• hospital-onset, healthcare associated (HOHA) E. coli bacteraemia cases increased by 0.2% (n=660) when compared with the same month of the previous year (n=659)

• community-onset, healthcare associated (COHA) E. coli bacteraemia cases increased by 10.5% (n=536) when compared with the same month of the previous year (n=485)

• community-onset, community associated (COCA) E. coli bacteraemia cases decreased by 3.2% (n=2231) when compared with the same month of the previous year (n=2304)

Klebsiella species (spp.) bacteraemia

In December 2024:

• overall, 1,155 Klebsiella spp. bacteraemia cases were reported, an increase of 3.5% when compared with the same month of the previous year (n=1,116)
• hospital-onset, healthcare associated (HOHA) Klebsiella spp. bacteraemia cases increased by 7.2% (n=357) when compared with the same month of the previous year (n=333)
• community-onset, healthcare associated (COHA) Klebsiella spp. bacteraemia cases decreased by 2.4% (n=165) when compared with the same month of the previous year (n=169)
• community-onset, community associated (COCA) Klebsiella spp. bacteraemia cases increased by 2.9% (n=632) when compared with the same month of the previous year (n=614)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) bacteraemia

In December 2024:

• overall, 362 P. aeruginosa bacteraemia cases were reported, an increase of 3.4% when compared with the same month of the previous year (n=350)

• HOHA P. aeruginosa bacteraemia cases increased by 11% (n=151) when compared with the same month of the previous year (n=136)

• COHA P. aeruginosa bacteraemia cases decreased by 16.1% (n=52) when compared with the same month of the previous year (n=62)

• COCA P. aeruginosa bacteraemia cases increased by 4.6% (n=159) when compared with the same month of the previous year (n=152)

Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteraemia

In December 2024:

• overall, 109 MRSA bacteraemia cases were reported, an increase of 36.2% when compared with the same month of the previous year (n=80)

• HOHA MRSA bacteraemia cases decreased by 5.3% (n=36) when compared with the same month of the previous year (n=38)

• COHA MRSA bacteraemia cases decreased by 10.0% (n=9) when compared with the same month of the previous year (n=10)

• COCA MRSA bacteraemia cases increased by 106.5% (n=64) when compared with the same month of the previous year (n=31)

Meticillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bacteraemia

In December 2024:

• overall, 1,186 MSSA bacteraemia cases were reported, an increase of 1.1% when compared with the same month of the previous year (n=1,173)

• HOHA MSSA bacteraemia cases increased by 3.1% (n=336) when compared with the same month of the previous year (n=326)

• COHA MSSA bacteraemia cases decreased by 7.2% (n=141) when compared with the same month of the previous year (n=152)

• COCA MSSA bacteraemia cases increased by 2% (n=708) when compared with the same month of the previous year (n=694)

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI)

In December 2024:

• overall, 1,420 CDI cases were reported, an increase of 10.5% when compared with the same month of the previous year (n=1285)

• HOHA CDI cases increased by 18.3% (n=686) when compared with the same month of the previous year (n=580)

• COHA CDI cases increased by 15.3% (n=256) when compared with the same month of the previous year (n=222)

• COCA CDI cases decreased by 6.3% (n=329) when compared with the same month of the previous year (n=351)

• community-onset, indeterminate association (COIA) CDI cases increased by 14.6% (n=149) when compared with the same month of the previous year (n=130)

Data sources and methodology

For further information on our data sources and methodology used to analyse data in this report, please refer to our QMI report.

Background information

This publication forms part of the range of accredited Official Statistics outputs routinely published by UKHSA which include monthly and annual reports on the mandatory surveillance of MRSA, MSSA and E. coli, Klebsiella spp. and P. aeruginosa bacteraemia and CDI.

Data for this report was extracted from UKHSA’s HCAI data capture system (DCS) on 16 January 2024.

Further information and contact details

Feedback and contact information

For any enquiries or feedback on this report, or to request copies of this report in PDF format, please contact mandatory.surveillance@ukhsa.gov.uk

Accredited official statistics

Our statistical practice is regulated by the Office for Statistics Regulation (OSR). OSR sets the standards of trustworthiness, quality and value in the Code of Practice for Statistics that all producers of Official Statistics should adhere to. You are welcome to contact us directly by mandatory.surveillance@ukhsa.gov.uk with any comments about how we meet these standards. Alternatively, you can contact OSR by emailing regulation@statistics.gov.uk  or via the OSR website.

These official statistics were independently reviewed by the OSR in May 2022. They comply with the standards of trustworthiness, quality and value in the Code of Practice for Statistics and should be labelled ‘accredited official statistics’. Accredited official statistics are called National Statistics in the Statistics and Registration Service Act 2007. Further explanation of accredited official statistics can be found on the Office for Statistics Regulation website.