Total Income from Farming in London and the South East of England
Updated 30 October 2024
Applies to England
© Crown copyright 2024
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Figure 1.1: A map of England with London and the South East highlighted
ITL1 borders are shown on the full map of England on the left with London and the South East highlighted. London and the South East with the ITL3 borders shown is on the right of Figure 1.1.
Section 1: Key messages
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TIFF in London and the South East in 2023 was £545 million, a decrease of £260 million (-32%) from 2022.
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Total crop output in London and the South East in 2023 was £1,353 million, a decrease of £274 million (-17%) from 2022.
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Total livestock output in London and the South East in 2023 was £680 million, a decrease of £34 million (-5%) from 2022.
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Total intermediate consumption in London and the South East in 2023 was £1,297 million, a decrease of £58 million (-4%) from 2022.
Figure 1.2: TIFF from 2018 to 2023 in current prices for London and the South East
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TIFF in London and the South East in 2023 was £545 million, a decrease of £260 million (-32%) from 2022.
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In 2023, TIFF in London and the South East was the 3rd highest value in the last 6 years, with the highest value in 2022.
Section 2: Outputs and subsidies
2.1 Overview
Figure 2.1: Outputs and subsidies split by percentage from 2018 to 2023 for London and the South East
Notes:
- To improve clarity, the item ‘Inseparable non-agricultural activities’ has been renamed ‘Diversification’ from this release onwards.
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Total crop output has made the biggest contribution to outputs and subsidies in London and the South East in each of the past 6 years, contributing at least 48%. In 2023 Total crop output contributed 53% of the £2,556 million total outputs and subsidies, the 2nd highest proportion of the past 6 years.
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Subsidies have made up between 7% and 12% of the total outputs and subsidies in the past 6 years for London and the South East. In 2023, Subsidies made up 8% of total outputs and subsidies.
Figure 2.2: Outputs and subsidies split by percentage for the ITL2 regions of London and the South East in 2023
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Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire had the highest value for outputs and subsidies in London and the South East in 2023 with a value of £745 million, 29% of the total outputs and subsidies for London and the South East.
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Greater London had the lowest value for outputs and subsidies in London and the South East in 2023 with a value of £18 million, 1% of the total outputs and subsidies for London and the South East.
2.2 Crops
Figure 2.3: Breakdown of crop outputs in London and the South East in 2023 (£ million)
| Item Name | 2022 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Fruits | 382 | 362 |
| Wheat | 493 | 338 |
| Plants and flowers | 193 | 192 |
| Fresh vegetables | 99 | 122 |
| Barley | 164 | 109 |
| Other crop products | 78 | 73 |
| Oilseed rape | 106 | 50 |
| Protein crops | 38 | 32 |
| Forage plants | 19 | 26 |
| Potatoes | 13 | 19 |
| Sugar beet | 1 | 1 |
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The largest crop output in London and the South East in 2023 was Fruits with a value of £362 million, a decrease of £20 million (-5%) from 2022.
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The largest increase in a crop item value in London and the South East in 2023 was in Fresh vegetables, increasing by £23 million (23%) from 2022 to £122 million in 2023.
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The largest decrease in a crop item value in London and the South East in 2023 was in Wheat, decreasing by £155 million (-32%) from 2022 to £338 million in 2023.
Figure 2.4: Total crop output for the ITL2 regions of London and the South East in 2023 (£ million)
| ITL2 Name | 2022 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Kent | 596 | 492 |
| Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire | 428 | 337 |
| Surrey, East and West Sussex | 290 | 276 |
| Hampshire and Isle of Wight | 302 | 240 |
| Greater London | 10 | 8 |
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Kent had the largest crop output of the ITL2 regions within London and the South East in 2023,at £492 million. This was a decrease of £104 million (-17%) from 2022.
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Greater London had the smallest crop output of the ITL2 regions within London and the South East in 2023, at £8 million. This was a decrease of £2 million (-20%) from 2022.
2.3 Livestock
Figure 2.5: Breakdown of livestock outputs in London and the South East in 2023 (£ million)
| Item Name | 2022 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Milk | 207 | 185 |
| Beef | 153 | 158 |
| Poultry | 83 | 84 |
| Mutton, lamb and goat | 72 | 68 |
| Gross fixed capital formation | 85 | 60 |
| Pigmeat | 64 | 58 |
| Eggs | 40 | 57 |
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The largest livestock output in London and the South East in 2023 was Milk with a value of £185 million, which was a decrease of £22 million (-11%) from 2022.
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The largest increase in a livestock item value in London and the South East in 2023 was in Eggs, increasing by £17 million (44%) from 2022 to £57 million in 2023.
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The largest decrease in a livestock item value in London and the South East in 2023, was in Gross fixed capital formation, decreasing by £25 million (-29%) from 2022 to £60 million in 2023.
Figure 2.6: Total livestock output for the ITL2 regions of London and the South East in 2023 (£ million)
| ITL2 Name | 2022 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire | 245 | 234 |
| Surrey, East and West Sussex | 199 | 192 |
| Kent | 125 | 132 |
| Hampshire and Isle of Wight | 136 | 116 |
| Greater London | 8 | 6 |
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Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire had the largest livestock output of the ITL2 regions within London and the South East in 2023, at £234 million. This was a decrease of £11 million (-4%) from 2022.
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Greater London had the smallest livestock output of the ITL2 regions within London and the South East in 2023, at £6 million. This was a decrease of £2 million (-28%) from 2022.
2.4 Other outputs and subsidies
Figure 2.7: Other outputs and subsidies in London and the South East in 2023 (£ million)
| Item Name | 2022 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Subsidies (excluding tax) | 205 | 202 |
| Diversification | 184 | 192 |
| Other agricultural activities | 124 | 129 |
Notes:
- To improve clarity, the item ‘Inseparable non-agricultural activities’ has been renamed ‘Diversification’ from this release onwards.
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Other outputs and subsidies in London and the South East totalled £524 million in 2023, an increase of £11 million (2%) from 2022.
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Subsidies excluding tax in London and the South East were £202 million in 2023, a decrease of £3 million (-1%) from 2022.
Section 3: Inputs and costs
3.1 Overview
Figure 3.1: Inputs and costs split by percentage from 2018 to 2023 for London and the South East
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Total intermediate consumption has contributed 66-67% of costs in London and the South East in each of the last 6 years. In 2023, Total intermediate consumption contributed £1,978 million (66%) to inputs and costs.
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Compensation of employees has made up between 13% and 14% of the total inputs and costs in each of the past 6 years for London and the South East. In 2023, Compensation of employees made up 14% of total inputs and costs.
Figure 3.2: Inputs and costs split by percentage for ITL2 regions in London and the South East in 2023
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Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire had the highest total inputs and costs of London and the South East in 2023 with £599 million, 30% of the total inputs and costs in London and the South East.
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Greater London had the lowest total inputs and costs of London and the South East in 2023 with £14 million, 1% of the total inputs and costs in London and the South East.
3.2 Intermediate consumption
Figure 3.3: Breakdown of intermediate consumption in London and the South East in 2023 (£ million)
| Item Name | 2022 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Animal feed | 307 | 278 |
| Other goods and services | 242 | 242 |
| Total maintenance | 151 | 161 |
| Energy | 137 | 136 |
| Agricultural services | 124 | 129 |
| Seeds and planting stock | 116 | 117 |
| Plant protection products | 104 | 112 |
| Fertilisers and soil improvers | 144 | 100 |
| Veterinary expenses | 17 | 17 |
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The largest intermediate consumption in London and the South East in 2023 was Animal feed with a value of £278 million, a decrease of £30 million (-10%) from 2022.
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The largest value increase in a cost in London and the South East in 2023 was in Total maintenance, which increased by £9 million (6%) from 2022 to £161 million in 2023.
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The largest value decrease in a cost in London and the South East in 2023 was in Fertilisers and soil improvers, which decreased by £44 million (-30%) from 2022 to £100 million in 2023.
Figure 3.4: Total intermediate consumption for the ITL2 regions of London and the South East in 2023 (£ million)
| ITL2 Name | 2022 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire | 427 | 407 |
| Kent | 358 | 342 |
| Surrey, East and West Sussex | 298 | 301 |
| Hampshire and Isle of Wight | 260 | 238 |
| Greater London | 11 | 10 |
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Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire had the largest intermediate consumption of the ITL2 regions within London and the South East in 2023. This was a decrease of £20 million (-5%) from 2022 to £407 million in 2023.
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Greater London had the smallest intermediate consumption of the ITL2 regions within London and the South East in 2023. This was a decrease of £2 million (-16%) from 2022 to £10 million in 2023.
3.3 Other inputs and costs
Figure 3.5: Breakdown of other inputs and costs in London and the South East in 2023 (£ million)
| Item Name | 2022 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Total consumption of fixed capital | 362 | 363 |
| Compensation of employees | 258 | 268 |
| Rent and other associated costs | 44 | 49 |