Process-Policy and Outcome-Policy: Rethinking How to Address Poverty and Inequality

Process matters not just for diagnosing the causes of inequality, but also for how policy is shaped

Abstract

Process matters not just for diagnosing the causes of inequality, but also for how policy is shaped. The dominant paradigms for policy-making — neoliberalism, neo-Keynesianism, and neo­paternalism — largely address inequality via “outcome-policies” that manipulate the levers of government and, more recently, draw on randomized trials and “nudges” to change behavior, in a manner that is not only easy to measure, but also easy to reverse. This commentary draws on the essays in this special issue of Dædalus to make the case for “reflectivism,” which shifts structural inequalities in agency, power, social structure, empathy, and aspiration in an incremental manner that is more uncertain and difficult to measure, but that can result in more lasting change.

This is an output of the World Bank’s Strategic Research Program

Citation

Rao, Vijayendra “Process-Policy and Outcome-Policy: Rethinking How to Address Poverty and Inequality,” Daedalus, Volume 148, Issue 3, Summer 2019, Pp: 181-190

Process-Policy and Outcome-Policy: Rethinking How to Address Poverty and Inequality

Updates to this page

Published 1 August 2019