Clade I mpox: affected countries
This page provides an overview of countries reporting clade I mpox cases (historic or current), indicating where there may be a risk of clade I mpox exposure.
The clade I mpox outbreak is focused in a number of countries within the African region, as per Figure 1 below. Imported clade I mpox cases outside the African region have been reported in several countries.
Figure 1. African region countries reporting laboratory confirmed clade I mpox (historic or current)
The situation may change rapidly in different countries. It is possible that mpox cases may be present in countries who have not reported clade I mpox to date. Mpox of an unknown clade has been reported in Gabon but is presumed to be clade I (due to case travel history).
Given the continuing spread of clade I mpox, please check this webpage regularly for any updates to the countries included.
Table 1. List of countries with evidence of ongoing clade I mpox transmission or exportation during the 2024 to 2025 outbreak
| Country | Evidence of transmission | Clade |
|---|---|---|
| Burundi | Community transmission | Ib |
| Central African Republic | Community transmission | Ia |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | Community transmission | Ia and Ib |
| Gabon | Community transmission | I |
| Kenya | Limited local transmission | Ib |
| Republic of the Congo | Community transmission | Ia |
| Rwanda | Limited local transmission | Ib |
| Uganda | Community transmission | Ib |
| United Arab Emirates | Unclear (evidence of exported cases) | Ib |
| Zambia | Limited information | Ib |
Table 2. List of countries in the African region with historical transmission of clade I mpox, with no cases reported during the 2024 to 2025 outbreak
| Country | Evidence of transmission | Clade |
|---|---|---|
| Cameroon | Community transmission | Ia |
| South Sudan | Community transmission | Ia |
| Sudan | Community transmission | Ia |
Imported clade I mpox cases with limited or no onward transmission have been reported in several countries:
- Belgium (with reported travel history to a clade I affected African country), with 1 further case identified in a household contact.
- Canada (with reported travel history to a clade I affected African country)
- China (with reported travel history to the Democratic Republic of the Congo), with 4 further cases identified in close contacts of the first case
- France reported one case of clade I mpox with no reported travel history to a clade I affected African country — this case had recent contact with 2 close contacts reporting travel history to a clade I affected African country
- Germany has reported two imported clade I mpox cases (with reported travel history to Rwanda and another clade I affected African country), with 3 further cases identified in household contacts of the second reported case
- India (with reported travel history to the United Arab Emirates)
- Oman (with reported travel history to the United Arab Emirates)
- Pakistan (with reported travel history to the United Arab Emirates)
- Sweden (with reported travel history to a clade I affected African country)
- Thailand (with reported travel history to a clade I affected African country)
- United States (with reported travel history to a clade I affected African country)
- the United Kingdom has reported 2 imported clade I mpox cases (with reported travel history to mpox clade I affected countries in Africa), with 3 further cases identified in household contacts of the first reported case
- Zimbabwe (with reported travel history to Tanzania)
These countries are not considered as clade I mpox affected for purposes of testing or guidance, unless an individual reports being a contact of a confirmed case in one of these countries. Reported travel history is not necessarily indicative of acquisition in-country and investigations may be ongoing.
Updates to this page
Published 14 October 2024Last updated 16 January 2025 + show all updates
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Belgium has been updated to reflect one new case reported in a household contact of their first imported case.
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Updated to include information for Belgium, China and France.
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Updated information for Gabon and added information for United Arab Emirates.
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Updated links and added Oman & Pakistan to list.
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Updated guidance.
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Updated information for imported clade I mpox cases in countries outside of the African region.
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First published.